BioPAX pathway converted from "2-Phospho-D-glycerate <=> Phosphoenolpyruvate + H2O" in the Reactome database.

4.2.1.11

2-Phospho-D-glycerate <=> Phosphoenolpyruvate + H2O

Cytosolic enolase catalyzes the reversible reaction of 2 phosphoglycerate to form phosphoenolpyruvate and water, elevating the transfer potential of the phosphoryl group.<p>Enolase is a homodimer and requires Mg++ for activity. Three isozymes have been purified and biochemically characterized. The alpha isoform is expressed in many normal human tissues (Giallongo et al. 1986). The beta isoform is expressed in muscle. Evidence for its function in vivo in humans comes from studies of a patient in whom a point mutation in the gene encoding the enzyme was associated specifically with reduced enolase activity in muscle extracts and with other symptoms consistent with a defect in glycolysis (Comi et al. 2001). The gamma isoform of human enolase is normally expressed in neural tissue and is of possible clinical interest as a marker of some types of neuroendocrine and lung tumors (McAleese et al. 1988). Biochemical studies of the homologous rat proteins indicate that both homo- and heterodimers of enolase form and are enzymatically active (Rider and Taylor 1974).

Authored: D'Eustachio, P, 2004-09-21 15:25:22Edited: D'Eustachio, P, 0000-00-00 00:00:00

Reactome DB_ID: 30485

cytosolGO0005829

2-phosphonato-D-glycerate(3-) [ChEBI:58289]

2-phosphonato-D-glycerate(3-)

(2R)-2-phosphoglycerate2-phosphonato-D-glycerate2-phosphonato-D-glycerate trianion(2R)-3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonatooxy)propanoate

Reactomehttp://www.reactome.orgChEBI58289

Reactome DB_ID: 29492

phosphonatoenolpyruvate [ChEBI:58702]

phosphonatoenolpyruvate

phosphoenolpyruvate

ChEBI58702

Reactome DB_ID: 29356

water [ChEBI:15377]

water

ChEBI15377PHYSIOL-LEFT-TO-RIGHT

ACTIVATION

Converted from EntitySet in Reactome

Reactome DB_ID: 179497

enolase dimer [cytosol]Converted from EntitySet in Reactome. Each synonym is a name of a PhysicalEntity, and each XREF points to one PhysicalEntity

GO0004634

GO molecular function

Reactome Database ID Release 7571439Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=71439Reactome Database ID Release 7571660Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=71660ReactomeR-HSA-71660

Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-71660.23208766Pubmed1988Complete amino acid sequence of the neurone-specific gamma isozyme of enolase (NSE) from human brain and comparison with the non-neuronal alpha form (NNE)McAleese, SMDunbar, BFothergill, JEHinks, LJDay, INEur J Biochem 178:413-73529090Pubmed1986Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of a full-length cDNA for human alpha enolaseGiallongo, AFeo, SMoore, RCroce, CMShowe, LCProc Natl Acad Sci U S A 83:6741-54413246Pubmed1974Enolase isoenzymes in rat tissues. Electrophoretic, chromatographic, immunological and kinetic propertiesRider, CCTaylor, CBBiochim Biophys Acta 365:285-3002462567Pubmed1988Tau-crystallin/alpha-enolase: one gene encodes both an enzyme and a lens structural proteinWistow, GJLietman, TWilliams, LAStapel, SOde Jong, WWHorwitz, JPiatigorsky, JJ Cell Biol 107:2729-3611506403Pubmed2001Beta-enolase deficiency, a new metabolic myopathy of distal glycolysisComi, GPFortunato, FLucchiari, SBordoni, APrelle, AJann, SKeller, ACiscato, PGalbiati, SChiveri, LTorrente, YScarlato, GBresolin, NAnn Neurol 50:202-7