BioPAX pathway converted from "Ubiquitination of Securin by phospho-APC/C:Cdc20 complex" in the Reactome database.LEFT-TO-RIGHT6.3.2.19Ubiquitination of Securin by phospho-APC/C:Cdc20 complexSecurin is ubiquitinated by APC/C:Cdc20 (Hagting et al., 2002; Jin et al. 2008).Authored: Lorca, T, Castro, A, 2006-01-26 00:00:00Reviewed: Peters, JM, 2006-03-27 22:55:09Edited: Matthews, L, 2006-01-30 00:00:00CDC20:p-APC/C:PTTG1Cdc20:phosph-APC/C:Securin complexReactome DB_ID: 174212cytosolGENE ONTOLOGYGO:0005829PTTG1SecurinPituitary tumor-transforming gene 1 proteinReactome DB_ID: 174190UniProt:O95997 PTTG1PTTG1EAP1PTTGTUTR1FUNCTION Regulatory protein, which plays a central role in chromosome stability, in the p53/TP53 pathway, and DNA repair. Probably acts by blocking the action of key proteins. During the mitosis, it blocks Separase/ESPL1 function, preventing the proteolysis of the cohesin complex and the subsequent segregation of the chromosomes. At the onset of anaphase, it is ubiquitinated, conducting to its destruction and to the liberation of ESPL1. Its function is however not limited to a blocking activity, since it is required to activate ESPL1. Negatively regulates the transcriptional activity and related apoptosis activity of TP53. The negative regulation of TP53 may explain the strong transforming capability of the protein when it is overexpressed. May also play a role in DNA repair via its interaction with Ku, possibly by connecting DNA damage-response pathways with sister chromatid separation.SUBUNIT Interacts with RPS10 and DNAJA1 (By similarity). Interacts with the caspase-like ESPL1, and prevents its protease activity probably by covering its active site. Interacts with TP53 and blocks its activity probably by blocking its binding to DNA. Interacts with the Ku 70 kDa subunit of ds-DNA kinase. Interacts with PTTG1IP.TISSUE SPECIFICITY Expressed at low level in most tissues, except in adult testis, where it is highly expressed. Overexpressed in many patients suffering from pituitary adenomas, primary epithelial neoplasias, and esophageal cancer.DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE Low level during G1 and S phases. Peaks at M phase. During anaphase, it is degraded.DOMAIN The N-terminal destruction box (D-box) acts as a recognition signal for degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway.DOMAIN The TEK-boxes are required for 'Lys-11'-linked ubiquitination and facilitate the transfer of the first ubiquitin and ubiquitin chain nucleation. TEK-boxes may direct a catalytically competent orientation of the UBE2C/UBCH10-ubiquitin thioester with the acceptor lysine residue.PTM Phosphorylated at Ser-165 by CDK1 during mitosis.PTM Phosphorylated in vitro by ds-DNA kinase.PTM Ubiquitinated through 'Lys-11' linkage of ubiquitin moieties by the anaphase promoting complex (APC) at the onset of anaphase, conducting to its degradation. 'Lys-11'-linked ubiquitination is mediated by the E2 ligase UBE2C/UBCH10.SIMILARITY Belongs to the securin family.Homo sapiensNCBI Taxonomy9606UniProtO959971EQUAL202EQUALReactome Database ID Release 75174190Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=174190ReactomeR-HSA-1741901Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-174190.1Reactomehttp://www.reactome.org1CDC20:p-APC/CCDC20:Phospho-APC/CReactome DB_ID: 174081phosphorylated anaphase promoting complex (APC/C)Reactome DB_ID: 174191UbcXUBE2CUbcH10E2-CReactome DB_ID: 174244UniProt:O00762 UBE2CUBE2CUBCH10FUNCTION Accepts ubiquitin from the E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins. In vitro catalyzes 'Lys-11'- and 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination. Acts as an essential factor of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis. Acts by initiating 'Lys-11'-linked polyubiquitin chains on APC/C substrates, leading to the degradation of APC/C substrates by the proteasome and promoting mitotic exit.PATHWAY Protein modification; protein ubiquitination.SUBUNIT Component of the APC/C complex, composed of at least 14 distinct subunits that assemble into a complex of at least 19 chains with a combined molecular mass of around 1.2 MDa. Within this complex, directly interacts with ANAPC2.PTM Autoubiquitinated by the APC/C complex, leading to its degradation by the proteasome. Its degradation plays a central role in APC/C regulation, allowing cyclin-A accumulation before S phase entry. APC/C substrates inhibit the autoubiquitination of UBE2C/UBCH10 but not its E2 function, hence APC/C remaining active until its substrates have been destroyed.SIMILARITY Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family.UniProtO007622EQUAL179EQUALReactome Database ID Release 75174244Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=174244ReactomeR-HSA-1742441Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-174244.11ANAPC1Apc1/Tsg24Reactome DB_ID: 174189UniProt:Q9H1A4 ANAPC1ANAPC1TSG24FUNCTION Component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis and the G1 phase of the cell cycle. The APC/C complex acts by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of target proteins: it mainly mediates the formation of 'Lys-11'-linked polyubiquitin chains and, to a lower extent, the formation of 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains.PATHWAY Protein modification; protein ubiquitination.SUBUNIT The mammalian APC/C is composed at least of 14 distinct subunits ANAPC1, ANAPC2, CDC27/APC3, ANAPC4, ANAPC5, CDC16/APC6, ANAPC7, CDC23/APC8, ANAPC10, ANAPC11, CDC26/APC12, ANAPC13, ANAPC15 and ANAPC16 that assemble into a complex of at least 19 chains with a combined molecular mass of around 1.2 MDa; APC/C interacts with FZR1 and FBXO5.PTM Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation on Ser-355 occurs specifically during mitosis.SIMILARITY Belongs to the APC1 family.UniProtQ9H1A41EQUAL1944EQUALReactome Database ID Release 75174189Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=174189ReactomeR-HSA-1741891Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-174189.11Apc5ANAPC5Reactome DB_ID: 174211UniProt:Q9UJX4 ANAPC5ANAPC5APC5FUNCTION Component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis and the G1 phase of the cell cycle. The APC/C complex acts by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of target proteins: it mainly mediates the formation of 'Lys-11'-linked polyubiquitin chains and, to a lower extent, the formation of 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains.PATHWAY Protein modification; protein ubiquitination.SUBUNIT The mammalian APC/C is composed at least of 14 distinct subunits ANAPC1, ANAPC2, CDC27/APC3, ANAPC4, ANAPC5, CDC16/APC6, ANAPC7, CDC23/APC8, ANAPC10, ANAPC11, CDC26/APC12, ANAPC13, ANAPC15 and ANAPC16 that assemble into a complex of at least 19 chains with a combined molecular mass of around 1.2 MDa; APC/C interacts with FZR1 and FBXO5.DOMAIN The TPR repeats are six to seven residues longer than a canonical TPR motif.SIMILARITY Belongs to the APC5 family.UniProtQ9UJX41EQUAL755EQUALReactome Database ID Release 75174211Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=174211ReactomeR-HSA-1742111Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-174211.11Apc4ANAPC4Reactome DB_ID: 174168UniProt:Q9UJX5 ANAPC4ANAPC4APC4FUNCTION Component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis and the G1 phase of the cell cycle. The APC/C complex acts by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of target proteins: it mainly mediates the formation of 'Lys-11'-linked polyubiquitin chains and, to a lower extent, the formation of 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains.PATHWAY Protein modification; protein ubiquitination.SUBUNIT The mammalian APC/C is composed at least of 14 distinct subunits ANAPC1, ANAPC2, CDC27/APC3, ANAPC4, ANAPC5, CDC16/APC6, ANAPC7, CDC23/APC8, ANAPC10, ANAPC11, CDC26/APC12, ANAPC13, ANAPC15 and ANAPC16 that assemble into a complex of at least 19 chains with a combined molecular mass of around 1.2 MDa; APC/C interacts with FZR1 and FBXO5 (PubMed:25043029, PubMed:27259151, PubMed:9469815, PubMed:26083744). In the context of the APC/C complex, directly interacts with UBE2S (PubMed:27259151).SIMILARITY Belongs to the APC4 family.UniProtQ9UJX51EQUAL808EQUALReactome Database ID Release 75174168Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=174168ReactomeR-HSA-1741681Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-174168.11CDC23Apc8/Cdc23Reactome DB_ID: 174137UniProt:Q9UJX2 CDC23CDC23ANAPC8FUNCTION Component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis and the G1 phase of the cell cycle. The APC/C complex acts by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of target proteins: it mainly mediates the formation of 'Lys-11'-linked polyubiquitin chains and, to a lower extent, the formation of 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains.PATHWAY Protein modification; protein ubiquitination.SUBUNIT The mammalian APC/C is composed at least of 14 distinct subunits ANAPC1, ANAPC2, CDC27/APC3, ANAPC4, ANAPC5, CDC16/APC6, ANAPC7, CDC23/APC8, ANAPC10, ANAPC11, CDC26/APC12, ANAPC13, ANAPC15 and ANAPC16 that assemble into a complex of at least 19 chains with a combined molecular mass of around 1.2 MDa; APC/C interacts with FZR1 and FBXO5.PTM Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation on Thr-562 occurs specifically during mitosis.SIMILARITY Belongs to the APC8/CDC23 family.UniProtQ9UJX21EQUAL597EQUALReactome Database ID Release 75174137Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=174137ReactomeR-HSA-1741371Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-174137.11UBE2SUbiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 SUBE2S_HUMANReactome DB_ID: 947622UniProt:Q16763 UBE2SUBE2SE2EPFOK/SW-cl.73FUNCTION Accepts ubiquitin from the E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins (PubMed:22496338). Catalyzes 'Lys-11'-linked polyubiquitination. Acts as an essential factor of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis. Acts by specifically elongating 'Lys-11'-linked polyubiquitin chains initiated by the E2 enzyme UBE2C/UBCH10 on APC/C substrates, enhancing the degradation of APC/C substrates by the proteasome and promoting mitotic exit (PubMed:19820702, PubMed:19822757, PubMed:27259151). Also acts by elongating ubiquitin chains initiated by the E2 enzyme UBE2D1/UBCH5 in vitro; it is however unclear whether UBE2D1/UBCH5 acts as an E2 enzyme for the APC/C in vivo. Also involved in ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of VHL, resulting in an accumulation of HIF1A (PubMed:16819549). In vitro able to promote polyubiquitination using all 7 ubiquitin Lys residues, except 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination (PubMed:20061386, PubMed:20622874).PATHWAY Protein modification; protein ubiquitination.SUBUNIT Component of the APC/C complex, composed of at least 14 distinct subunits that assemble into a complex of at least 19 chains with a combined molecular mass of around 1.2 MDa. Within this complex, directly interacts with ANAPC2 and ANAPC4 (PubMed:27259151). Interacts with CDC20, FZR1/CDH1 and VHL (PubMed:16819549, PubMed:19822757).PTM Autoubiquitinated by the APC/C complex during G1, leading to its degradation by the proteasome.SIMILARITY Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family.UniProtQ167631EQUAL222EQUALReactome Database ID Release 75947622Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=947622ReactomeR-HSA-9476221Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-947622.11ANAPC15Anaphase-promoting complex subunit 15APC15_HUMANReactome DB_ID: 6805140UniProt:P60006 ANAPC15ANAPC15C11orf51HSPC020FUNCTION Component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis and the G1 phase of the cell cycle. In the complex, plays a role in the release of the mitotic checkpoint complex (MCC) from the APC/C: not required for APC/C activity itself, but promotes the turnover of CDC20 and MCC on the APC/C, thereby participating in the responsiveness of the spindle assembly checkpoint. Also required for degradation of CDC20.SUBUNIT The mammalian APC/C is composed at least of 14 distinct subunits ANAPC1, ANAPC2, CDC27/APC3, ANAPC4, ANAPC5, CDC16/APC6, ANAPC7, CDC23/APC8, ANAPC10, ANAPC11, CDC26/APC12, ANAPC13, ANAPC15 and ANAPC16 that assemble into a complex of at least 19 chains with a combined molecular mass of around 1.2 MDa; APC/C interacts with FZR1 and FBXO5.SIMILARITY Belongs to the APC15 family.UniProtP600061EQUAL121EQUALReactome Database ID Release 756805140Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=6805140ReactomeR-HSA-68051401Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-6805140.11E1UBE2E1Reactome DB_ID: 174100UniProt:P51965 UBE2E1UBE2E1UBCH6FUNCTION Accepts ubiquitin from the E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins. Catalyzes the covalent attachment of ISG15 to other proteins. Mediates the selective degradation of short-lived and abnormal proteins. In vitro also catalyzes 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination.PATHWAY Protein modification; protein ubiquitination.SUBUNIT Interacts with RNF14.PTM ISGylation suppresses ubiquitin E2 enzyme activity.PTM Autoubiquitinated in vitro.SIMILARITY Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family.UniProtP519652EQUAL193EQUALReactome Database ID Release 75174100Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=174100ReactomeR-HSA-1741002Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-174100.21CDC27Apc3/Cdc27Reactome DB_ID: 174073UniProt:P30260 CDC27CDC27ANAPC3D0S1430ED17S978EFUNCTION Component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis and the G1 phase of the cell cycle. The APC/C complex acts by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of target proteins: it mainly mediates the formation of 'Lys-11'-linked polyubiquitin chains and, to a lower extent, the formation of 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains.PATHWAY Protein modification; protein ubiquitination.SUBUNIT Homodimer. The mammalian APC/C is composed at least of 14 distinct subunits ANAPC1, ANAPC2, CDC27/APC3, ANAPC4, ANAPC5, CDC16/APC6, ANAPC7, CDC23/APC8, ANAPC10, ANAPC11, CDC26/APC12, ANAPC13, ANAPC15 and ANAPC16 that assemble into a complex of at least 19 chains with a combined molecular mass of around 1.2 MDa; APC/C interacts with FZR1 and FBXO5 (PubMed:26083744, PubMed:25043029). Interacts with RB. Interacts with FAM168B/MANI (By similarity). Interacts with MCPH1 (PubMed:22139841).PTM Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation on Ser-426 and Thr-446 occurs specifically during mitosis.SIMILARITY Belongs to the APC3/CDC27 family.UniProtP302601EQUAL824EQUALReactome Database ID Release 75174073Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=174073ReactomeR-HSA-1740731Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-174073.11Apc7ANAPC7Reactome DB_ID: 174242UniProt:Q9UJX3 ANAPC7ANAPC7APC7FUNCTION Component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis and the G1 phase of the cell cycle. The APC/C complex acts by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of target proteins: it mainly mediates the formation of 'Lys-11'-linked polyubiquitin chains and, to a lower extent, the formation of 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains.PATHWAY Protein modification; protein ubiquitination.SUBUNIT V-shaped homodimer. The mammalian APC/C is composed at least of 14 distinct subunits ANAPC1, ANAPC2, CDC27/APC3, ANAPC4, ANAPC5, CDC16/APC6, ANAPC7, CDC23/APC8, ANAPC10, ANAPC11, CDC26/APC12, ANAPC13, ANAPC15 and ANAPC16 that assemble into a complex of at least 19 chains with a combined molecular mass of around 1.2 MDa; APC/C interacts with FZR1 and FBXO5 (PubMed:25043029, PubMed:26083744).SIMILARITY Belongs to the APC7 family.CAUTION It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-35 is the initiator.UniProtQ9UJX31EQUAL599EQUALReactome Database ID Release 75174242Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=174242ReactomeR-HSA-1742421Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-174242.11Apc11ANAPC11Reactome DB_ID: 174126UniProt:Q9NYG5 ANAPC11ANAPC11HSPC214FUNCTION Together with the cullin protein ANAPC2, constitutes the catalytic component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis and the G1 phase of the cell cycle. The APC/C complex acts by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of target proteins: it mainly mediates the formation of 'Lys-11'-linked polyubiquitin chains and, to a lower extent, the formation of 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains. May recruit the E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes to the complex.PATHWAY Protein modification; protein ubiquitination.SUBUNIT The mammalian APC/C is composed at least of 14 distinct subunits ANAPC1, ANAPC2, CDC27/APC3, ANAPC4, ANAPC5, CDC16/APC6, ANAPC7, CDC23/APC8, ANAPC10, ANAPC11, CDC26/APC12, ANAPC13, ANAPC15 and ANAPC16 that assemble into a complex of at least 19 chains with a combined molecular mass of around 1.2 MDa; APC/C interacts with FZR1 and FBXO5 (PubMed:26083744, PubMed:10922056, PubMed:25043029). Interacts with the cullin domain of ANAPC2 (PubMed:11739784). Interacts with UBE2D2 (PubMed:11739784).TISSUE SPECIFICITY Expressed at high levels in skeletal muscle and heart; in moderate levels in brain, kidney, and liver; and at low levels in colon, thymus, spleen, small intestine, placenta, lung and peripheral blood leukocyte.DOMAIN The RING-type zinc finger domain coordinates an additional third zinc ion.PTM Auto-ubiquitinated.SIMILARITY Belongs to the RING-box family.UniProtQ9NYG51EQUAL84EQUALReactome Database ID Release 75174126Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=174126ReactomeR-HSA-1741261Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-174126.11CDC16Apc6/Cdc16Reactome DB_ID: 174156UniProt:Q13042 CDC16CDC16ANAPC6FUNCTION Component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis and the G1 phase of the cell cycle. The APC/C complex acts by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of target proteins: it mainly mediates the formation of 'Lys-11'-linked polyubiquitin chains and, to a lower extent, the formation of 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains.PATHWAY Protein modification; protein ubiquitination.SUBUNIT V-shaped homodimer. The mammalian APC/C is composed at least of 14 distinct subunits ANAPC1, ANAPC2, CDC27/APC3, ANAPC4, ANAPC5, CDC16/APC6, ANAPC7, CDC23/APC8, ANAPC10, ANAPC11, CDC26/APC12, ANAPC13, ANAPC15 and ANAPC16 that assemble into a complex of at least 19 chains with a combined molecular mass of around 1.2 MDa; APC/C interacts with FZR1 and FBXO5 (PubMed:26083744, PubMed:25043029). Interacts with PPP5C and CDC20 (PubMed:9628895, PubMed:9405394). Interacts with CDC26 (PubMed:19668213).DOMAIN TPR repeats 1-7 mediate homodimerization, while the C-terminal TPR repeats bind to CDC26, burying its hydrophobic N-terminus.PTM Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation on Ser-560 occurs specifically during mitosis.SIMILARITY Belongs to the APC6/CDC16 family.UniProtQ130421EQUAL620EQUALReactome Database ID Release 75174156Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=174156ReactomeR-HSA-1741561Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-174156.11CDC26Cdc26Reactome DB_ID: 174052UniProt:Q8NHZ8 CDC26CDC26ANAPC12C9orf17FUNCTION Component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis and the G1 phase of the cell cycle. The APC/C complex acts by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of target proteins: it mainly mediates the formation of 'Lys-11'-linked polyubiquitin chains and, to a lower extent, the formation of 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains. May recruit the E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes to the complex.PATHWAY Protein modification; protein ubiquitination.SUBUNIT V-shaped homodimer. Interacts with CDC16. The mammalian APC/C is composed at least of 14 distinct subunits ANAPC1, ANAPC2, CDC27/APC3, ANAPC4, ANAPC5, CDC16/APC6, ANAPC7, CDC23/APC8, ANAPC10, ANAPC11, CDC26/APC12, ANAPC13, ANAPC15 and ANAPC16 that assemble into a complex of at least 19 chains with a combined molecular mass of around 1.2 MDa; APC/C interacts with FZR1 and FBXO5.SIMILARITY Belongs to the CDC26 family.UniProtQ8NHZ81EQUAL85EQUALReactome Database ID Release 75174052Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=174052ReactomeR-HSA-1740521Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-174052.11ANAPC10Apc10/Doc1Reactome DB_ID: 174142UniProt:Q9UM13 ANAPC10ANAPC10APC10FUNCTION Component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis and the G1 phase of the cell cycle. The APC/C complex acts by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of target proteins: it mainly mediates the formation of 'Lys-11'-linked polyubiquitin chains and, to a lower extent, the formation of 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains.PATHWAY Protein modification; protein ubiquitination.SUBUNIT The mammalian APC/C is composed at least of 14 distinct subunits ANAPC1, ANAPC2, CDC27/APC3, ANAPC4, ANAPC5, CDC16/APC6, ANAPC7, CDC23/APC8, ANAPC10, ANAPC11, CDC26/APC12, ANAPC13, ANAPC15 and ANAPC16 that assemble into a complex of at least 19 chains with a combined molecular mass of around 1.2 MDa; APC/C interacts with FZR1 and FBXO5 (PubMed:26083744, PubMed:25043029). The C-terminus of APC10 binds to CDC27/APC3 (PubMed:11524682). Interacts with PIWIL1; interaction only takes place when PIWIL1 binds piRNA (By similarity).SIMILARITY Belongs to the APC10 family.UniProtQ9UM131EQUAL185EQUALReactome Database ID Release 75174142Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=174142ReactomeR-HSA-1741421Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-174142.11Apc2ANAPC2Reactome DB_ID: 174229UniProt:Q9UJX6 ANAPC2ANAPC2APC2KIAA1406FUNCTION Together with the RING-H2 protein ANAPC11, constitutes the catalytic component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis and the G1 phase of the cell cycle. The APC/C complex acts by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of target proteins: it mainly mediates the formation of 'Lys-11'-linked polyubiquitin chains and, to a lower extent, the formation of 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains. The CDC20-APC/C complex positively regulates the formation of synaptic vesicle clustering at active zone to the presynaptic membrane in postmitotic neurons. CDC20-APC/C-induced degradation of NEUROD2 drives presynaptic differentiation.PATHWAY Protein modification; protein ubiquitination.SUBUNIT The mammalian APC/C is composed at least of 14 distinct subunits ANAPC1, ANAPC2, CDC27/APC3, ANAPC4, ANAPC5, CDC16/APC6, ANAPC7, CDC23/APC8, ANAPC10, ANAPC11, CDC26/APC12, ANAPC13, ANAPC15 and ANAPC16 that assemble into a complex of at least 19 chains with a combined molecular mass of around 1.2 MDa; APC/C interacts with FZR1 and FBXO5 (PubMed:25043029, PubMed:26083744). In the context of the APC/C complex, directly interacts with UBE2C and UBE2S (PubMed:27259151). Interacts (via cullin domain) with ANAPC11 and with UBCH10 (PubMed:11739784). Interacts with NEUROD2 (By similarity).SIMILARITY Belongs to the cullin family.UniProtQ9UJX61EQUAL822EQUALReactome Database ID Release 75174229Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=174229ReactomeR-HSA-1742291Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-174229.11ANAPC16Anaphase-promoting complex subunit 16APC16_HUMANReactome DB_ID: 6805138UniProt:Q96DE5 ANAPC16ANAPC16C10orf104CENP-27FUNCTION Component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis and the G1 phase of the cell cycle. The APC/C complex acts by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of target proteins: it mainly mediates the formation of 'Lys-11'-linked polyubiquitin chains and, to a lower extent, the formation of 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains.PATHWAY Protein modification; protein ubiquitination.SUBUNIT The mammalian APC/C is composed at least of 14 distinct subunits ANAPC1, ANAPC2, CDC27/APC3, ANAPC4, ANAPC5, CDC16/APC6, ANAPC7, CDC23/APC8, ANAPC10, ANAPC11, CDC26/APC12, ANAPC13, ANAPC15 and ANAPC16 that assemble into a complex of at least 19 chains with a combined molecular mass of around 1.2 MDa; APC/C interacts with FZR1 and FBXO5 (PubMed:26083744, PubMed:25043029). ANAPC16 associates with the rest of the complex independently of ANAPC2 and ANAPC11.SIMILARITY Belongs to the APC16 family.UniProtQ96DE52EQUAL110EQUALReactome Database ID Release 756805138Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=6805138ReactomeR-HSA-68051381Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-6805138.11UBE2D1UbcH5/Ubc4Reactome DB_ID: 174236UniProt:P51668 UBE2D1UBE2D1SFTUBC5AUBCH5UBCH5AFUNCTION Accepts ubiquitin from the E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins (PubMed:22496338). In vitro catalyzes 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination (PubMed:20061386). Mediates the selective degradation of short-lived and abnormal proteins. Functions in the E6/E6-AP-induced ubiquitination of p53/TP53. Mediates ubiquitination of PEX5 and auto-ubiquitination of STUB1, TRAF6 and TRIM63/MURF1 (PubMed:18042044, PubMed:18359941). Ubiquitinates STUB1-associated HSP90AB1 in vitro (PubMed:18042044). Lacks inherent specificity for any particular lysine residue of ubiquitin (PubMed:18042044). Essential for viral activation of IRF3 (PubMed:19854139). Mediates polyubiquitination of CYP3A4 (PubMed:19103148).PATHWAY Protein modification; protein ubiquitination.SUBUNIT Component of a E3 ubiquitin ligase complex containing UBE2D1, SIAH1, CACYBP/SIP, SKP1, APC and TBL1X. Interacts with RNF11.TISSUE SPECIFICITY Ubiquitous. Up-regulated in livers of iron-overloaded patients with hereditary hemochromatosis.PTM Autoubiquitinated in vitro.SIMILARITY Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family.CAUTION PubMed:9362508 cloned and sequenced SFT which consisted of UBE2D1 last coding exon along with intronic sequences on the 5'-end of this exon. A function in iron transport has been described.UniProtP516681EQUAL147EQUALReactome Database ID Release 75174236Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=174236ReactomeR-HSA-1742361Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-174236.11Reactome Database ID Release 75174191Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=174191ReactomeR-HSA-1741913Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-174191.31CDC20Reactome DB_ID: 141412UniProt:Q12834 CDC20CDC20FUNCTION Required for full ubiquitin ligase activity of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) and may confer substrate specificity upon the complex. Is regulated by MAD2L1: in metaphase the MAD2L1-CDC20-APC/C ternary complex is inactive and in anaphase the CDC20-APC/C binary complex is active in degrading substrates. The CDC20-APC/C complex positively regulates the formation of synaptic vesicle clustering at active zone to the presynaptic membrane in postmitotic neurons. CDC20-APC/C-induced degradation of NEUROD2 induces presynaptic differentiation.PATHWAY Protein modification; protein ubiquitination.SUBUNIT Found in a complex with CDC20, CDC27, SPATC1 and TUBG1. Interacts with NEUROD2 and SPATC1 (By similarity). Interacts with MAD2L1 and BUB1B. The phosphorylated form interacts with APC/C. Interacts with NINL. May interact with MAD2L2. Interacts with CDK5RAP2 and SIRT2. Interacts with isoform 1 of NEK2. Interacts with HSF1 (via phosphorylated form); this interaction occurs in mitosis in a MAD2L1-dependent manner and prevents PLK1-stimulated degradation of HSF1 by blocking the recruitment of the SCF(BTRC) ubiquitin ligase complex (PubMed:18794143). Interacts (via the N-terminal substrate-binding domain) with FBXO5 (By similarity).DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE Synthesis is initiated at G1/S, protein level peaks in M phase and protein is abruptly degraded at M/G1 transition.PTM Acetylated. Deacetylated at Lys-66 by SIRT2; deacetylation enhances the interaction of CDC20 with CDC27, leading to activation of anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C).PTM Phosphorylated during mitosis, probably by maturation promoting factor (MPF). Phosphorylated by BUB1 at Ser-41; Ser-72; Ser-92; Ser-153; Thr-157 and Ser-161. Phosphorylated by NEK2.PTM Dephosphorylated by CTDP1.PTM Ubiquitinated and degraded by the proteasome during spindle assembly checkpoint. Deubiquitinated by USP44, leading to stabilize the MAD2L1-CDC20-APC/C ternary complex, thereby preventing premature activation of the APC/C. Ubiquitinated at Lys-490 during prometaphase. Ubiquitination at Lys-485 and Lys-490 has no effect on its ability to bind the APC/C complex.SIMILARITY Belongs to the WD repeat CDC20/Fizzy family.UniProtQ128341EQUAL499EQUALReactome Database ID Release 75141412Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=141412ReactomeR-HSA-1414121Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-141412.11Reactome Database ID Release 75174081Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=174081ReactomeR-HSA-1740811Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-174081.11Reactome Database ID Release 75174212Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=174212ReactomeR-HSA-1742121Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-174212.1Converted from EntitySet in ReactomeUbubiquitinReactome DB_ID: 113595RPS27ARPS27A(1-76)ubiquitin (RPS27A)Reactome DB_ID: 939205UniProt:P62979 RPS27ARPS27AUBA80UBCEP1SUBUNIT Ribosomal protein S27a is part of the 40S ribosomal subunit.MISCELLANEOUS Ubiquitin is encoded by 4 different genes. UBA52 and RPS27A genes code for a single copy of ubiquitin fused to the ribosomal proteins L40 and S27a, respectively. UBB and UBC genes code for a polyubiquitin precursor with exact head to tail repeats, the number of repeats differ between species and strains.MISCELLANEOUS For a better understanding, features related to ubiquitin are only indicated for the first chain.SIMILARITY In the N-terminal section; belongs to the ubiquitin family.SIMILARITY In the C-terminal section; belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS31 family.UniProtP629791EQUAL76EQUALReactome Database ID Release 75939205Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=939205ReactomeR-HSA-9392051Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-939205.1UBA52UBA52(1-76)ubiquitin (UBA52)Reactome DB_ID: 939203UniProt:P62987 UBA52UBA52UBCEP2SUBUNIT Ribosomal protein L40 is part of the 60S ribosomal subunit. Interacts with UBQLN1 (via UBA domain).MISCELLANEOUS Ubiquitin is encoded by 4 different genes. UBA52 and RPS27A genes code for a single copy of ubiquitin fused to the ribosomal proteins L40 and S27a, respectively. UBB and UBC genes code for a polyubiquitin precursor with exact head to tail repeats, the number of repeats differ between species and strains.MISCELLANEOUS For a better understanding, features related to ubiquitin are only indicated for the first chain.SIMILARITY In the N-terminal section; belongs to the ubiquitin family.SIMILARITY In the C-terminal section; belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL40 family.UniProtP629871EQUAL76EQUALReactome Database ID Release 75939203Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=939203ReactomeR-HSA-9392031Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-939203.1UBBUBB(1-76)ubiquitin (UBB 1)Reactome DB_ID: 939214UniProt:P0CG47 UBBUBBSUBUNIT Interacts with SKP1-KMD2A and SKP1-KMD2B complexes.MISCELLANEOUS Ubiquitin is encoded by 4 different genes. UBA52 and RPS27A genes code for a single copy of ubiquitin fused to the ribosomal proteins L40 and S27a, respectively. UBB and UBC genes code for a polyubiquitin precursor with exact head to tail repeats, the number of repeats differ between species and strains.MISCELLANEOUS The mRNA encoding variant UBB(+1) is produced by an unknown mechanism involving the deletion of a GT dinucleotide in the close proximity of a GAGAG motif (PubMed:9422699). This variant mRNA is found in normal brain, but the encoded protein accumulates only in brain neurofibrillary tangles and neuritic plaques in Alzheimer disease and other tauopathies, as well as polyglutaminopathies (PubMed:14597671). UBB(+1) variant cannot be used for polyubiquitination, is not effectively degraded by the proteasome when ubiquitinated and ubiquitinated UBB(+1) is refractory to disassembly by deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs). In healthy brain, UBB(+1) C-terminus can be cleaved by UCHL3 (PubMed:21762696).MISCELLANEOUS For a better understanding, features related to ubiquitin are only indicated for the first chain.SIMILARITY Belongs to the ubiquitin family.UniProtP0CG471EQUAL76EQUALReactome Database ID Release 75939214Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=939214ReactomeR-HSA-9392141Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-939214.1UBB(77-152)ubiquitin (UBB 2)Reactome DB_ID: 93921377EQUAL152EQUALReactome Database ID Release 75939213Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=939213ReactomeR-HSA-9392131Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-939213.1UBB(153-228)ubiquitin (UBB 3)Reactome DB_ID: 939230153EQUAL228EQUALReactome Database ID Release 75939230Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=939230ReactomeR-HSA-9392301Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-939230.1UBCUBC(1-76)ubiquitin (UBC 1)Reactome DB_ID: 939188UniProt:P0CG48 UBCUBCMISCELLANEOUS Ubiquitin is encoded by 4 different genes. UBA52 and RPS27A genes code for a single copy of ubiquitin fused to the ribosomal proteins L40 and S27a, respectively. UBB and UBC genes code for a polyubiquitin precursor with exact head to tail repeats, the number of repeats differ between species and strains.MISCELLANEOUS For the sake of clarity sequence features are annotated only for the first chain, and are not repeated for each of the following chains.SIMILARITY Belongs to the ubiquitin family.UniProtP0CG481EQUAL76EQUALReactome Database ID Release 75939188Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=939188ReactomeR-HSA-9391881Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-939188.1UBC(77-152)ubiquitin (UBC 2)Reactome DB_ID: 93916477EQUAL152EQUALReactome Database ID Release 75939164Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=939164ReactomeR-HSA-9391641Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-939164.1UBC(153-228)ubiquitin (UBC 3)Reactome DB_ID: 939258153EQUAL228EQUALReactome Database ID Release 75939258Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=939258ReactomeR-HSA-9392581Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-939258.1UBC(229-304)ubiquitin (UBC 4)Reactome DB_ID: 939192229EQUAL304EQUALReactome Database ID Release 75939192Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=939192ReactomeR-HSA-9391921Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-939192.1UBC(305-380)ubiquitin (UBC 5)Reactome DB_ID: 939232305EQUAL380EQUALReactome Database ID Release 75939232Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=939232ReactomeR-HSA-9392321Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-939232.1UBC(381-456)ubiquitin (UBC 6)Reactome DB_ID: 939191381EQUAL456EQUALReactome Database ID Release 75939191Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=939191ReactomeR-HSA-9391911Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-939191.1UBC(457-532)ubiquitin (UBC 7)Reactome DB_ID: 939184457EQUAL532EQUALReactome Database ID Release 75939184Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=939184ReactomeR-HSA-9391841Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-939184.1UBC(533-608)ubiquitin (UBC 8)Reactome DB_ID: 939239533EQUAL608EQUALReactome Database ID Release 75939239Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=939239ReactomeR-HSA-9392391Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-939239.1UBC(609-684)ubiquitin (UBC 9)Reactome DB_ID: 939165609EQUAL684EQUALReactome Database ID Release 75939165Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=939165ReactomeR-HSA-9391651Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-939165.1Reactome Database ID Release 75113595Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=113595ReactomeR-HSA-1135951Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-113595.13CDC20:pAPC/C:K11polyUb-PTTG1CDC20:phospho-APC/C:K11polyUb-Securin complexReactome DB_ID: 30959441K11polyUb-PTTG1K11polyUb-SecurinK11polyUb-Pituitary tumor-transforming gene 1 proteinReactome DB_ID: 3095943ubiquitinylated lysineMODMOD:011481EQUAL202EQUALReactome Database ID Release 753095943Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=3095943ReactomeR-HSA-30959431Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-3095943.11Reactome Database ID Release 753095944Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=3095944ReactomeR-HSA-30959441Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-3095944.1ACTIVATIONGENE ONTOLOGYGO:0004842gene ontology term for cellular functionMIMI:0355Same Catalyst ActivityReactome Database ID Release 75174076Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=174076Reactome Database ID Release 75174144Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=174144ReactomeR-HSA-1741442Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-174144.218485873Pubmed2008Mechanism of ubiquitin-chain formation by the human anaphase-promoting complexJin, LWilliamson, ABanerjee, SPhilipp, IRape, MCell 133:653-6512070128Pubmed2002Human securin proteolysis is controlled by the spindle checkpoint and reveals when the APC/C switches from activation by Cdc20 to Cdh1Hagting, ADen Elzen, NVodermaier, HCWaizenegger, ICPeters, JMPines, JJ Cell Biol 157:1125-37GENE ONTOLOGYGO:0006511gene ontology term for cellular processMIMI:0359