BioPAX pathway converted from "G-protein coupled bile acid receptor binds lithocholic acid" in the Reactome database. LEFT-TO-RIGHT G-protein coupled bile acid receptor binds lithocholic acid The G-protein coupled bile acid receptor (GPBAR1) responds to several bile acids the most potent being lithocholic acid. Primary bile acids are acidic sterols synthesized from cholesterol in the liver where they are conjugated with glycine or taurine. Following synthesis bile acids are stored in the gall bladder and secreted into the duodenum where they facilitate solubilization and absorption of lipid-soluble vitamins and dietary fats. Bile acids can also regulate expression of various transport proteins and enzymes through the binding and activation of nuclear receptors, particularly FXR. Authored: Jupe, S, 2009-10-23 Reviewed: D'Eustachio, P, 2009-12-11 Edited: Jupe, S, 2010-03-01 GPBAR1 G-protein coupled bile acid receptor 1 GPBAR_HUMAN Reactome DB_ID: 444640 plasma membrane GENE ONTOLOGY GO:0005886 UniProt:Q8TDU6 GPBAR1 GPBAR1 TGR5 FUNCTION Receptor for bile acid. Bile acid-binding induces its internalization, activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and intracellular cAMP production. May be involved in the suppression of macrophage functions by bile acids.TISSUE SPECIFICITY Ubiquitously expressed. Expressed at higher level in spleen and placenta. Expressed at lower level in other tissues. In digestive tissues, it is expressed in stomach, duodenum, ileocecum, ileum, jejunum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, cecum and liver, but not in esophagus and rectum.SIMILARITY Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Homo sapiens NCBI Taxonomy 9606 UniProt Q8TDU6 1 EQUAL 330 EQUAL Reactome Database ID Release 81 444640 Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=444640 Reactome R-HSA-444640 1 Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-444640.1 Reactome http://www.reactome.org Converted from EntitySet in Reactome Bile acids Reactome DB_ID: 444840 DCA deoxycholic acid Reactome DB_ID: 444851 extracellular region GENE ONTOLOGY GO:0005576 deoxycholic acid [ChEBI:28834] deoxycholic acid ChEBI CHEBI:28834 Reactome Database ID Release 81 444851 Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=444851 Reactome R-ALL-444851 3 Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-ALL-444851.3 LCHA lithocholic acid Reactome DB_ID: 444700 lithocholate [ChEBI:29744] lithocholate 3alpha-hydroxy-5beta-cholan-24-oate ChEBI CHEBI:29744 Reactome Database ID Release 81 444700 Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=444700 Reactome R-ALL-444700 4 Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-ALL-444700.4 CDCA chenodeoxycholic acid Reactome DB_ID: 444824 chenodeoxycholate [ChEBI:36234] chenodeoxycholate chenodeoxycholate anion chenodeoxycholate(1-) 3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholan-24-oate ChEBI CHEBI:36234 Reactome Database ID Release 81 444824 Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=444824 Reactome R-ALL-444824 4 Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-ALL-444824.4 CCA cholic acid Reactome DB_ID: 444831 cholate [ChEBI:29747] cholate 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholan-24-oate 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholanate ChEBI CHEBI:29747 Reactome Database ID Release 81 444831 Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=444831 Reactome R-ALL-444831 4 Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-ALL-444831.4 Reactome Database ID Release 81 444840 Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=444840 Reactome R-ALL-444840 1 Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-ALL-444840.1 GPBAR1: Bile acids Reactome DB_ID: 444843 1 1 Reactome Database ID Release 81 444843 Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=444843 Reactome R-HSA-444843 2 Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-444843.2 Reactome Database ID Release 81 444654 Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=444654 Reactome R-HSA-444654 1 Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-444654.1 10334992 Pubmed 1999 Identification of a nuclear receptor for bile acids Makishima, M Okamoto, AY Repa, JJ Tu, H Learned, RM Luk, A Hull, MV Lustig, KD Mangelsdorf, DJ Shan, B Science 284:1362-5 12524422 Pubmed 2003 A G protein-coupled receptor responsive to bile acids Kawamata, Y Fujii, R Hosoya, M Harada, M Yoshida, H Miwa, M Fukusumi, S Habata, Y Itoh, T Shintani, Y Hinuma, S Fujisawa, Y Fujino, M J Biol Chem 278:9435-40 1591235 Pubmed 1992 Bile acid biosynthesis Russell, David W Setchell, KD Biochemistry 31:4737-49