Carbonic anhydrase VA (CA5A, Nagao et al. 1993, Franchi et al. 2003, Nishimori et al. 2007) and carbonic anhydrase VB (CA5B, Fujikawa-Adachi et al. 1999, Nishimori et al. 2005, Nishimori et al. 2007) hydrate carbon dioxide in mitochondria to yield bicarbonate and a proton. Carbonic anhydrase deprotonates water to yield a zinc-hydroxyl group and a proton which is transferred to external buffer molecules via histidine or glutamate residues in carbonic anhydrase. The hydroxyl group reacts with carbon dioxide in the active site to yield bicarbonate. A water molecule displaces the bicarbonate and the reaction cycle begins again (reviewed in Lindskog 1997). Depending on the concentrations of reactants the reaction is reversible.
Nishimori, I, Vullo, D, Innocenti, A, Scozzafava, A, Mastrolorenzo, A, Supuran, CT
Fujikawa-Adachi, K, Nishimori, I, Taguchi, T, Onishi, S
Nagao, Y, Platero, JS, Waheed, A, Sly, WS
Nishimori, I, Innocenti, A, Vullo, D, Scozzafava, A, Supuran, CT
Franchi, M, Vullo, D, Gallori, E, Antel, J, Wurl, M, Scozzafava, A, Supuran, CT
Lindskog, S
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