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Amino Acid conjugation
Stable Identifier
R-HSA-156587
Type
Pathway
Species
Homo sapiens
ReviewStatus
5/5
Locations in the PathwayBrowser
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Metabolism (Homo sapiens)
Biological oxidations (Homo sapiens)
Phase II - Conjugation of compounds (Homo sapiens)
Amino Acid conjugation (Homo sapiens)
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Xenobiotics that contain either a carboxylic group or an aromatic hydroxylamine group are possible substrates for amino acid conjugation. Xenobiotics with a
carboxylic group
conjugate with an
amino group
of amino acids such as glycine, taurine and glutamine. The
hydroxylamine group
conjugates with the
carboxylic group
of amino acids such as proline and serine. The amino acid is first activated by an aminoacyl-tRNA-synthetase which then reacts with the hydroxylamine group to form a reactive N-ester. N-esters can degrade to form electrophilic nitrenium (R-N
+
-R') and carbonium (R-C
+
H
2
) ions. The pyrolysis product of tryptophan, an N-hydroxy intermediate, can potentially form these reactive electrophilic ions.
Literature References
PubMed ID
Title
Journal
Year
Casarett and Doull's Toxicology 5th Edn
Parkinson, A
1995
Participants
Events
Conjugation of carboxylic acids
(Homo sapiens)
Participates
as an event of
Phase II - Conjugation of compounds (Homo sapiens)
Event Information
Go Biological Process
xenobiotic metabolic process (0006805)
Orthologous Events
Amino Acid conjugation (Bos taurus)
Amino Acid conjugation (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Amino Acid conjugation (Canis familiaris)
Amino Acid conjugation (Danio rerio)
Amino Acid conjugation (Gallus gallus)
Amino Acid conjugation (Mus musculus)
Amino Acid conjugation (Rattus norvegicus)
Amino Acid conjugation (Sus scrofa)
Amino Acid conjugation (Xenopus tropicalis)
Authored
Jassal, B (2005-03-10)
Created
Jassal, B (2004-11-29)
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