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Eukaryotic Translation Elongation
Stable Identifier
R-HSA-156842
DOI
10.3180/REACT_1477.1
Type
Pathway
Species
Homo sapiens
Compartment
cytosol
ReviewStatus
5/5
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Metabolism of proteins (Homo sapiens)
Translation (Homo sapiens)
Eukaryotic Translation Elongation (Homo sapiens)
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The translation elongation cycle adds one amino acid at a time to a growing polypeptide according to the sequence of codons found in the mRNA. The next available codon on the mRNA is exposed in the aminoacyl-tRNA (aa-tRNA) binding site (A site) on the 30S subunit.
A: Ternary complexes of aa -tRNA:eEF1A:GTP enter the ribosome and enable the anticodon of the tRNA to make a codon/anticodon interaction with the A-site codon of the mRNA. B: Upon cognate recognition, the eEF1A:GTP is brought into the GTPase activating center of the ribosome, GTP is hydrolyzed and eEF1A:GDP leaves the ribosome. C: The peptidyl transferase center of ribosome catalyses the formation of a peptide bond between the incoming amino acid and the peptide found in the peptidyl-tRNA binding site (P site). D: In the pre-translocation state of the ribosome, the eEF2:GTP enters the ribosome, physically translocating the peptidyl-tRNA out of the A site to P site and leaves the ribosome eEF2:GDP. This action of eEF2:GTP accounts for the precise movement of the mRNA by 3 nucleotides.Consequently, deacylated tRNA is shifted to the E site. A ribosome associated ATPase activity is proposed to stimulate the release of deacylated tRNA from the E site subsequent to translocation (Elskaya et al., 1991). In this post-translocation state, the ribosome is now ready to receive a new ternary complex.
This process is illustrated below with: an amino acyl-tRNA with an amino acid, a peptidyl-tRNA with a growing peptide, a deacylated tRNA with an -OH, and a ribosome with A,P and E sites to accommodate these three forms of tRNA.
Literature References
PubMed ID
Title
Journal
Year
15189156
The molecular mechanics of eukaryotic translation
Kapp, LD
,
Lorsch, JR
Annu Rev Biochem
2004
Participants
Events
eEF1A complexes with GTP
(Homo sapiens)
eEF1A:GTP:aminoacyl tRNA ternary complex formation.
(Homo sapiens)
Peptide chain elongation
(Homo sapiens)
Regeneration of eEF1A:GTP by eEF1B activity
(Homo sapiens)
Formation of eEF1B complex
(Homo sapiens)
Participates
as an event of
Translation (Homo sapiens)
Event Information
Go Biological Process
translational elongation (0006414)
Orthologous Events
Eukaryotic Translation Elongation (Bos taurus)
Eukaryotic Translation Elongation (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Eukaryotic Translation Elongation (Canis familiaris)
Eukaryotic Translation Elongation (Danio rerio)
Eukaryotic Translation Elongation (Dictyostelium discoideum)
Eukaryotic Translation Elongation (Drosophila melanogaster)
Eukaryotic Translation Elongation (Gallus gallus)
Eukaryotic Translation Elongation (Mus musculus)
Eukaryotic Translation Elongation (Plasmodium falciparum)
Eukaryotic Translation Elongation (Rattus norvegicus)
Eukaryotic Translation Elongation (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
Eukaryotic Translation Elongation (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
Eukaryotic Translation Elongation (Sus scrofa)
Eukaryotic Translation Elongation (Xenopus tropicalis)
Authored
Gopinathrao, G (2005-03-13)
Created
Ortiz, PA (2004-12-14)
Kinzy, TG (2004-12-14)
Balar, B (2004-12-14)
Pittman, YR (2004-12-14)
Gross, SR (2004-12-14)
Ulloque, R (2004-12-14)
Anand, M (2004-12-14)
Ozturk, S (2004-12-14)
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