Unknown carnitine exporter transports CAR from the cytosol to the extracellular space

Stable Identifier
R-HSA-164967
Type
Reaction [uncertain]
Species
Homo sapiens
Compartment
Synonyms
carnitine [cytosol] -> carnitine [extracellular]
ReviewStatus
5/5
Locations in the PathwayBrowser
General
SVG |   | PPTX  | SBGN
Click the image above or here to open this reaction in the Pathway Browser
The layout of this reaction may differ from that in the pathway view due to the constraints in pathway layout
Studies of carnitine (CAR) export from intact rat liver indicate that this process is mediated by a specific, saturable transporter molecule (Sandor et al. 1985). The transporter that mediates this process in human tissues has not been identified, but its properties are distinct from those of SLC22A5 / OCTN2, the major transport protein responsible for carnitine uptake (Tamai et al. 1998; Wu et al. 1999). Indeed, as noted by Vaz & Wanders (2002), export of carnitine and its metabolites is probably mediated by another transport system, or possibly by passive diffusion.
Literature References
PubMed ID Title Journal Year
10454528 Functional characteristics and tissue distribution pattern of organic cation transporter 2 (OCTN2), an organic cation/carnitine transporter

Rajan, DP, Chen, J, Leibach, FH, Ganapathy, V, Conway, SJ, Seth, P, Huang, W, Prasad, PD, Wu, X

J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1999
9685390 Molecular and functional identification of sodium ion-dependent, high-affinity human carnitine transporter OCTN2

Oku, A, Shimane, M, Nezu, J, Tamai, I, Yabuuchi, H, Tsuji, A, Sai, Y, Ohashi, R

J Biol Chem 1998
4005277 Release of carnitine from the perfused rat liver

Alkonyi, I, Kispal, G, Sandor, A, Melegh, B

Biochim Biophys Acta 1985
11802770 Carnitine biosynthesis in mammals

Vaz, FM, Wanders, RJA

Biochem J 2002
Participants
Participates
Event Information
Catalyst Activity

carnitine transmembrane transporter activity of carnitine exporter [plasma membrane]

Authored
Reviewed
Created
Cite Us!