The activated TGF-beta receptor complex is internalized by clathrin-mediated endocytosis into early endosomes. ZFYVE9 (SARA) resides in the membrane of early endosomes. Crystallographic studies suggest that dimeric SARA in the early endosome coordinates two R-SMAD molecules (SMAD2 and/or SMAD3) per one receptor complex.
Tsukazaki, T, Chiang, TA, Davison, AF, Attisano, L, Wrana, JL
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