Following translocation to the nucleus, ERK1/2 directly phosphorylates key effectors, including the ubiquitous transcription factors ELK1 (Ets like protein 1). At least five residues in the C terminal domain of ELK1 are phosphorylated upon stimulation with growth factor stimulation. ELK1 can form a ternary complex with the serum response factor (SRF) and consensus sequences, such as serum response elements (SRE), on DNA, thus stimulating transcription of a set of immediate early genes like FOS (c-fos) (Marais et al, 1993; Gille et al, 1995; Duan et al, 1998; reviewed in Treisman, 1995).
Treisman, R
Marais, R, Wynne, J, Treisman, R
Duan, R, Xie, W, Burghardt, RC, Safe, S
Gille, H, Kortenjann, M, Thomae, O, Moomaw, C, Slaughter, C, Cobb, MH, Shaw, PE
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