Role of phospholipids in phagocytosis

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R-HSA-2029485
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Pathway
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Homo sapiens
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Phospholipases play an integral role in phagocytosis by generating essential second messengers. An early step in phagocytic signaling is the association of PIP2 and IP3 with the phagocytic cup. These are formed by the activity of phosphoinositol kinases and phospholipases. PI3K is has been shown to accumulate at phagocytic cups and converts PI (4,5)P2 to PI (3,4,5)P3. These phosphoinositides are capable of binding and increasing the activity of proteins that regulate the actin cytoskeleton. Phospholipases are lipid modifying enzymes that produce lipid mediators such as diacylglycerol (DAG), arachidonic acid (AA) and IP3. Phopsholipases PLA, PLC and PLD have been shown to be involved in antibody (IgG) mediated phagocytosis. The PLC product IP3 stimulates release of calcium from the endoplasmic reticulum. This Ca+2 concentration increase is greatest in the cytoplasm surrounding the phagocytic cup. Calcium is involved in the various stages of phagosome formation, including phagocytic ingestion and phagosome maturation.
Literature References
PubMed ID Title Journal Year
20400677 The role of calcium signaling in phagocytosis

Demaurex, N, Nunes, P

J Leukoc Biol 2010
  Molecular Mechanisms of Phagocytosis

Rosales, C

  2005
10224668 Phospholipases and phagocytosis: the role of phospholipid-derived second messengers in phagocytosis

Lennartz, MR

Int J Biochem Cell Biol 1999
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