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alpha-linolenic (omega3) and linoleic (omega6) acid metabolism
Stable Identifier
R-HSA-2046104
DOI
10.3180/REACT_121284.1
Type
Pathway
Species
Homo sapiens
Compartment
endoplasmic reticulum lumen
,
endoplasmic reticulum membrane
,
peroxisomal matrix
,
peroxisomal membrane
ReviewStatus
5/5
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Metabolism (Homo sapiens)
Metabolism of lipids (Homo sapiens)
Fatty acid metabolism (Homo sapiens)
alpha-linolenic (omega3) and linoleic (omega6) acid metabolism (Homo sapiens)
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There are two major classes of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs): the omega-3 (n-3) and the omega-6 (n-6) fatty acids, where the number corresponds to the position of the first double bond proximate to the methyl end of the fatty acid. Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids are considered essential fatty acids. Humans cannot synthesize them, instead they are supplied through diet. Linoleic acid (LA, 18:2(n-6)), a major component of omega-6 fatty acids and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:2(n-3)) a major component of omega-3 fatty acids are the two main dietary essential fatty acids (EFAs) in humans. ALA and LA obtained from diet are converted in the body into their longer chain and more unsaturated omega-3 and omega-6 products by a series of desaturation and elongation steps. Metabolism of ALA and LA to their corresponding products is mediated via common enzyme systems. In humans ALA is finally converted to docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6(n-3)), and LA is converted to docosapentaenoic acid (DPA, C22:5(n-6)). The intermediary omega-3 and omega-6 series fatty acids play a significant role in health and disease by generating potent modulatory molecules for inflammatory responses, including eicosanoids (prostaglandins, and leukotrienes), and cytokines (interleukins) and affecting the gene expression of various bioactive molecules (Kapoor & Huang 2006, Sprecher 2002, Burdge 2006).
Literature References
PubMed ID
Title
Journal
Year
10903473
Metabolism of highly unsaturated n-3 and n-6 fatty acids
Sprecher, H
Biochim Biophys Acta
2000
12324224
The roles of anabolic and catabolic reactions in the synthesis and recycling of polyunsaturated fatty acids
Sprecher, H
Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids
2002
Participants
Events
alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) metabolism
(Homo sapiens)
Linoleic acid (LA) metabolism
(Homo sapiens)
Participates
as an event of
Fatty acid metabolism (Homo sapiens)
Event Information
Go Biological Process
unsaturated fatty acid metabolic process (0033559)
Orthologous Events
alpha-linolenic (omega3) and linoleic (omega6) acid metabolism (Bos taurus)
alpha-linolenic (omega3) and linoleic (omega6) acid metabolism (Caenorhabditis elegans)
alpha-linolenic (omega3) and linoleic (omega6) acid metabolism (Canis familiaris)
alpha-linolenic (omega3) and linoleic (omega6) acid metabolism (Danio rerio)
alpha-linolenic (omega3) and linoleic (omega6) acid metabolism (Dictyostelium discoideum)
alpha-linolenic (omega3) and linoleic (omega6) acid metabolism (Drosophila melanogaster)
alpha-linolenic (omega3) and linoleic (omega6) acid metabolism (Gallus gallus)
alpha-linolenic (omega3) and linoleic (omega6) acid metabolism (Mus musculus)
alpha-linolenic (omega3) and linoleic (omega6) acid metabolism (Plasmodium falciparum)
alpha-linolenic (omega3) and linoleic (omega6) acid metabolism (Rattus norvegicus)
alpha-linolenic (omega3) and linoleic (omega6) acid metabolism (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
alpha-linolenic (omega3) and linoleic (omega6) acid metabolism (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
alpha-linolenic (omega3) and linoleic (omega6) acid metabolism (Sus scrofa)
alpha-linolenic (omega3) and linoleic (omega6) acid metabolism (Xenopus tropicalis)
Authored
Garapati, P V (2012-01-11)
Created
Garapati, P V (2012-01-11)
© 2024
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