Reactome | Linoleic acid (LA) metabolism

Linoleic acid (LA) metabolism

Stable Identifier

R-HSA-2046105

Type

Pathway

Species

Homo sapiens

Compartment

endoplasmic reticulum lumen, endoplasmic reticulum membrane, peroxisomal matrix, peroxisomal membrane

ReviewStatus

5/5

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Linoleic acid (LA, 18:2(n-6)) is an omega-6 fatty acid obtained through diet, mainly from vegetable oils. Omega-6 fatty acids helps stimulate skin and hair growth, maintain bone health, regulate metabolism, and maintain the reproductive system. All the desaturation and elongation steps occur in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) except for the final step which requires translocation to peroxisomes for partial beta-oxidation. The linoleic acid pathway involves the following steps: 18:2(n-6)-->18:3(n-6)--> 20:3(n-6)-->20:4(n-6)-->22:4(n-6)-->24:4(n-6)-->24:5(n-6)-->22:5(n-6). Two desaturation enzymes are involved in this process: delta-6 desaturase which converts 18:2(n-6) to 18:3 (n-6) and 24:4(n-6) to 24:5(n-6) respectively, and delta-5 desaturase which converts 20:3(n-6) to 20:4(n-6). (Sprecher 2002).

Literature References

PubMed ID	Title	Journal	Year
8609415	Metabolism of gammalinolenic acid in human neutrophils Chilton-Lopez, T, Surette, ME, Swan, DD, Fonteh, AN, Johnson, MM, Chilton, FH	J Immunol	1996
17168669	Gamma linolenic acid: an antiinflammatory omega-6 fatty acid Kapoor, R, Huang, YS	Curr Pharm Biotechnol	2006
10903473	Metabolism of highly unsaturated n-3 and n-6 fatty acids Sprecher, H	Biochim Biophys Acta	2000
14636670	Elongation of long-chain fatty acids Leonard, AE, Pereira, SL, Sprecher, H, Huang, YS	Prog Lipid Res	2004