Reactome | Integrin cell surface interactions

Integrin cell surface interactions

Stable Identifier

R-HSA-216083

DOI

10.3180/REACT_13552.1

Type

Pathway

Species

Homo sapiens

ReviewStatus

5/5

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The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a network of macro-molecules that underlies all epithelia and endothelia and that surrounds all connective tissue cells. This matrix provides the mechanical strength and also influences the behavior and differentiation state of cells in contact with it. The ECM are diverse in composition, but they generally comprise a mixture of fibrillar proteins, polysaccharides synthesized, secreted and organized by neighboring cells. Collagens, fibronectin, and laminins are the principal components involved in cell matrix interactions; other components, such as vitronectin, thrombospondin, and osteopontin, although less abundant, are also important adhesive molecules.
Integrins are the receptors that mediate cell adhesion to ECM. Integrins consists of one alpha and one beta subunit forming a noncovalently bound heterodimer. 18 alpha and 8 beta subunits have been identified in humans that combine to form 24 different receptors.
The integrin dimers can be broadly divided into three families consisting of the beta1, beta2/beta7, and beta3/alphaV integrins. beta1 associates with 12 alpha-subunits and can be further divided into RGD-, collagen-, or laminin binding and the related alpha4/alpha9 integrins that recognise both matrix and vascular ligands. beta2/beta7 integrins are restricted to leukocytes and mediate cell-cell rather than cell-matrix interactions, although some recognize fibrinogen. The beta3/alphaV family members are all RGD receptors and comprise aIIbb3, an important receptor on platelets, and the remaining b-subunits, which all associate with alphaV. It is the collagen receptors and leukocyte-specific integrins that contain alpha A-domains.

Literature References

PubMed ID	Title	Journal	Year
10215583	Extracellular matrix and integrin signalling: the shape of things to come Boudreau, NJ, Jones, PL	Biochem. J.	1999
19273203	Integrins and proximal signaling mechanisms in cardiovascular disease Lal, H, Verma, SK, Foster, DM, Golden, HB, Reneau, JC, Watson, LE, Singh, H, Dostal, DE	Front. Biosci.	2009
8866399	Inside-out signaling through integrins Faull, RJ, Ginsberg, MH	J Am Soc Nephrol	1996
12231361	Coming to grips with integrin binding to ligands Arnaout, MA, Goodman, SL, Xiong, JP	Curr Opin Cell Biol	2002
15147720	The collagen receptor subfamily of the integrins White, DJ, Puranen, S, Johnson, MS, Heino, J	Int J Biochem Cell Biol	2004