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Relaxin receptors
Stable Identifier
R-HSA-444821
Type
Pathway
Species
Homo sapiens
Compartment
plasma membrane
ReviewStatus
5/5
Locations in the PathwayBrowser
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Signal Transduction (Homo sapiens)
Signaling by GPCR (Homo sapiens)
GPCR ligand binding (Homo sapiens)
Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors) (Homo sapiens)
Peptide ligand-binding receptors (Homo sapiens)
Relaxin receptors (Homo sapiens)
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Relaxins are part of a family of peptide hormones that diverged from insulin in early vertebrate evolution to form the insulin-like peptides and relaxins, now often referred to as the relaxin peptide family. All are heterodimers; both chains are cleaved from a common propeptide and cross-linked by 2 disulphide bonds. Humans have 3 true relaxins encoded by 3 related genes, plus several more distantly related insulin-like peptide genes. Non-primates have 2 relaxin genes. The major circulating form of relaxin in humans is relaxin-2, equivalent to relaxin-1 in non-primates. Relaxin-3 is very highly conserved. Little is known about human relaxin-1; several of the insulin-like peptides have no known receptor or function.
There are 4 human G-protein coupled receptors for relaxin family peptides. Relaxin receptor 1 (RXFP1) and relaxin receptor 2 (RXFP2) are also known as LGR7 and LGR8 respectively, members of the LRR-containing G protein-coupled receptors (LGRs). Relaxin-3 receptor 1 (RXFP3) and Relaxin-3 receptor 2 (RXFP4) are unrelated, having more homology with small peptide receptors such as the somatostatin receptors.
Literature References
PubMed ID
Title
Journal
Year
17293890
Relaxin family peptide receptors--former orphans reunite with their parent ligands to activate multiple signalling pathways
van der Westhuizen, ET
,
Halls, ML
,
Summers, RJ
,
Bathgate, RA
Br J Pharmacol
2007
Participants
Events
Relaxin receptor 1 binds relaxin 2 and 3
(Homo sapiens)
Relaxin receptor 2 binds relaxin 2 and INSL3
(Homo sapiens)
Relaxin 3 receptor 1 binds relaxin 3
(Homo sapiens)
Relaxin 3 receptor 2 binds relaxin 3 and INSL5
(Homo sapiens)
Participates
as an event of
Peptide ligand-binding receptors (Homo sapiens)
Orthologous Events
Relaxin receptors (Bos taurus)
Relaxin receptors (Canis familiaris)
Relaxin receptors (Danio rerio)
Relaxin receptors (Drosophila melanogaster)
Relaxin receptors (Mus musculus)
Relaxin receptors (Rattus norvegicus)
Relaxin receptors (Sus scrofa)
Relaxin receptors (Xenopus tropicalis)
Authored
Jupe, S (2009-10-26)
Reviewed
D'Eustachio, P (2009-12-12)
Created
Jupe, S (2009-10-26)
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