ACOT2,9,THEM4,5 hydrolyse MCFA-CoA, LCFA-CoA

Stable Identifier
R-HSA-5690066
Type
Reaction [transition]
Species
Homo sapiens
Compartment
ReviewStatus
5/5
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The maintenance/regulation of cellular levels of free fatty acids and fatty acyl-CoAs (the activated form of free fatty acids) is extremely important, as imbalances in lipid metabolism can have serious consequences for human health. Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterases (ACOTs) hydrolyse the thioester bond in medium- to long-chain fatty acyl-CoAs (of C12-C18 lengths) (MCFA-CoA, LCFA-CoA) to their free fatty acids (MCFA, LCFA) (Cohen 2013, Hunt et al. 2012, Kirkby et al. 2010). ACOTs that function in the mitochondrion are ACOT2 (Hunt et al. 2006), ACOT9 (Kirkby et al. 2010), THEM4 dimer (Zhuravleva et al. 2012, Zhao et al. 2012) and THEM5 dimer (Zhuravleva et al. 2012). THEM4 is also functional in the cytosol and at the plasma membrane (Cohen 2013).
Literature References
PubMed ID Title Journal Year
20470824 Functional and structural properties of mammalian acyl-coenzyme A thioesterases

Forwood, JK, Kobe, B, Roman, N, Kirkby, B, Kellie, S

Prog. Lipid Res. 2010
16940157 Analysis of the mouse and human acyl-CoA thioesterase (ACOT) gene clusters shows that convergent, functional evolution results in a reduced number of human peroxisomal ACOTs

Westin, MA, Alexson, SE, Svensson, LT, Rautanen, A, Hunt, MC

FASEB J. 2006
22586271 Acyl coenzyme A thioesterase Them5/Acot15 is involved in cardiolipin remodeling and fatty liver development

Dummler, B, Zhuravleva, E, Marcellin, D, Gut, H, Esposti, MD, Cron, P, Bleck, CK, Hynx, D, Keusch, JJ, Genoud, C, Hemmings, BA

Mol. Cell. Biol. 2012
22465940 The emerging role of acyl-CoA thioesterases and acyltransferases in regulating peroxisomal lipid metabolism

Alexson, SE, Siponen, MI, Hunt, MC

Biochim. Biophys. Acta 2012
23700546 New players on the metabolic stage: How do you like Them Acots?

Cohen, DE

Adipocyte 2013
22871024 Correlation of structure and function in the human hotdog-fold enzyme hTHEM4

Lim, K, Pathak, MC, Herzberg, O, Luo, L, Latham, JA, Choudry, A, Zhao, H, Dunaway-Mariano, D, Dominguez, D

Biochemistry 2012
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Catalyst Activity

acyl-CoA hydrolase activity of ACOT2,9, THEM4,5 dimer [mitochondrial matrix]

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