Reactome | tRNA modification in the nucleus and cytosol

tRNA modification in the nucleus and cytosol

Stable Identifier

R-HSA-6782315

DOI

10.3180/R-HSA-6782315.8

Type

Pathway

Species

Homo sapiens

ReviewStatus

5/5

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tRNA modification in the nucleus and cytosol

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At least 92 distinct tRNA nucleotide base modifications have been found. The modifications are made post-transcriptionally by a large group of disparate enzymes located in the nucleus, cytosol, and mitochondria (reviewed in Boschi-Muller and Motorin 2013, Jackman and Alfonzo 2013, Gu et al. 2014, Helm and Alfonzo 2014, Li and Mason 2014). Modifications near the anticodon and near the 3' end affect interaction of the tRNA with ribosomes and tRNA synthetases, respectively, while modifications in other regions of the tRNA affect folding and stability of the tRNA (reviewed in Hou et al. 2015). Mutations in tRNA modification enzymes are associated with human diseases (reviewed in Sarin and Leidel 2014, Torres et al. 2014).

Literature References

PubMed ID	Title	Journal	Year
24315934	Posttranscriptional RNA Modifications: playing metabolic games in a cell's chemical Legoland Helm, M, Alfonzo, JD	Chem. Biol.	2014
25692999	Modify or die?--RNA modification defects in metazoans Sarin, LP, Leidel, SA	RNA Biol	2014
24581449	Role of tRNA modifications in human diseases Torres, AG, Batlle, E, Ribas de Pouplana, L	Trends Mol Med	2014
23139145	Transfer RNA modifications: nature's combinatorial chemistry playground Jackman, JE, Alfonzo, JD	Wiley Interdiscip Rev RNA	2013
24898039	The pivotal regulatory landscape of RNA modifications Li, S, Mason, CE	Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet	2014
25780173	Post-transcriptional modifications to tRNA--a response to the genetic code degeneracy Hou, YM, Gamper, H, Yang, W	RNA	2015
25304425	tRNA modifications regulate translation during cellular stress Gu, C, Begley, TJ, Dedon, PC	FEBS Lett.	2014
24490730	Chemistry enters nucleic acids biology: enzymatic mechanisms of RNA modification Boschi-Muller, S, Motorin, Y	Biochemistry Mosc.	2013