Reactome | C-ter TLR9 dimer binds HCQ

C-ter TLR9 dimer binds HCQ

Stable Identifier

R-HSA-9679045

Type

Reaction [binding]

Species

Homo sapiens

Compartment

endosome membrane, cytosol

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Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) is a key component of innate and adaptive immunity. It controls the host immune response against pathogens by stimulating dendritic cells and macrophages to secrete interferon alpha and other proinflammatory and regulatory cytokines (Lenert 2010). Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) binds and antagonises TLR9 (Lamphier et al. 2014), and thus inhibits interferon alpha production. HCQ is used clinically to treat systemic lupus erythromatosis and other autoimmune disorders (Costedoat Chalumeau et al. 2014).

HCQ’s immunomodulatory properties may be useful for treatment of patients with COVID-19 (Sinha & Balayla 2020, Colson et al. 2020, Gautret et al. 2020).

Literature References

PubMed ID	Title	Journal	Year
24342772	Novel small molecule inhibitors of TLR7 and TLR9: mechanism of action and efficacy in vivo Lamphier, M, Zheng, W, Latz, E, Spyvee, M, Hansen, H, Rose, J, Genest, M, Yang, H, Shaffer, C, Zhao, Y, Shen, Y, Liu, C, Liu, D, Mempel, TR, Rowbottom, C, Chow, J, Twine, NC, Yu, M, Gusovsky, F, Ishizaka, ST	Mol. Pharmacol.	2014
24855048	Hydroxychloroquine: a multifaceted treatment in lupus Costedoat-Chalumeau, N, Dunogué, B, Morel, N, Le Guern, V, Guettrot-Imbert, G	Presse Med	2014