Dnmt3a:Dnmt3l methylates cytosine in DNA

Stable Identifier
R-MMU-5336316
Type
Reaction [transition]
Species
Mus musculus
Compartment
ReviewStatus
5/5
General
SVG |   | PPTX  | SBGN
Dnmt3a:Dnmt3l methylates cytosine in DNA
Dnmt3a methylates the 5 position of cytosine in DNA preferentially in unmethylated regions (Okano et al. 1998, Okano et al. 1999, Hsieh 1999, Yokochi and Robertson 2002, Hsieh 2005, Gowher et al. 2005). Dnmt3a generates asymmetric methylation of CG dinucleotides and non-CG cytosine residues (Lin et al. 2002, Arand et al. 2012). Dnmt3l interacts with and stimulates the catalytic activity of Dnmt3a and its homologue Dnmt3b (Gowher et al. 2005). Dnmt3a and Dnmt3a:Dnmt3l complexes preferentially methylate DNA in regions of chromatin containing unmethylated lysine-4 of histone H3 due to the interaction between Dnmt3a and Dnmt3l with unmodified histone tails (Zhang et al. 2010). In mouse oocytes and embryos, CG islands that depend on Dnmt3a for methylation tend to be located in active transcription units with low levels of methylated H3K4 (Smallwood et al. 2011)
Literature References
PubMed ID Title Journal Year
10555141 DNA methyltransferases Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b are essential for de novo methylation and mammalian development

Bell, DW, Haber, DA, Okano, M, Li, E

Cell 1999
11821381 Preferential methylation of unmethylated DNA by Mammalian de novo DNA methyltransferase Dnmt3a

Robertson, KD, Yokochi, T

J. Biol. Chem. 2002
20223770 Chromatin methylation activity of Dnmt3a and Dnmt3a/3L is guided by interaction of the ADD domain with the histone H3 tail

Jurkowska, R, Rathert, P, Zhang, Y, Fischle, W, Brandt, O, Rajavelu, A, Reinhardt, R, Bock, I, Dhayalan, A, Soeroes, S, Jeltsch, A

Nucleic Acids Res. 2010
21706000 Dynamic CpG island methylation landscape in oocytes and preimplantation embryos

Tomizawa, S, Carli, N, Sato, S, Hata, K, Ruf, N, Smallwood, SA, Segonds-Pichon, A, Andrews, SR, Krueger, F, Kelsey, G

Nat. Genet. 2011
15799776 The de novo methylation activity of Dnmt3a is distinctly different than that of Dnmt1

Hsieh, CL

BMC Biochem. 2005
11784849 Murine de novo methyltransferase Dnmt3a demonstrates strand asymmetry and site preference in the methylation of DNA in vitro

Lin, IG, Hsieh, CL, Taghva, A, O'Brien, LE, Han, L

Mol. Cell. Biol. 2002
10567546 In vivo activity of murine de novo methyltransferases, Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b

Hsieh, CL

Mol. Cell. Biol. 1999
15671018 Mechanism of stimulation of catalytic activity of Dnmt3A and Dnmt3B DNA-(cytosine-C5)-methyltransferases by Dnmt3L

Liebert, K, Xu, G, Gowher, H, Jeltsch, A, Hermann, A

J. Biol. Chem. 2005
22761581 In vivo control of CpG and non-CpG DNA methylation by DNA methyltransferases

Jenuwein, T, Wolf, V, Branco, MR, Xu, G, Walter, J, Leonhardt, H, Meissner, A, Arand, J, Meilinger, D, Spieler, D, Karius, T

PLoS Genet. 2012
9662389 Cloning and characterization of a family of novel mammalian DNA (cytosine-5) methyltransferases

Xie, S, Okano, M, Li, E

Nat. Genet. 1998
16026162 De novo methylation of nucleosomal DNA by the mammalian Dnmt1 and Dnmt3A DNA methyltransferases

Owen-Hughes, T, Gowher, H, Goyal, R, Jeltsch, A, Ferreira, H, Stockdale, CJ

Biochemistry 2005
20018712 The N-terminus of histone H3 is required for de novo DNA methylation in chromatin

Zhang, RR, Zhang, KL, Zhou, JQ, Xu, GL, Hu, JL, Zhou, BO

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2009
Participants
Catalyst Activity

DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase activity, acting on CpN substrates of Dnmt3a:Dnmt3l:Chromatin [nucleoplasm]

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