Search results for DHX9

Showing 13 results out of 13

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Protein (3 results from a total of 3)

Identifier: R-HSA-847700
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: cytosol
Primary external reference: UniProt: DHX9: Q08211
Identifier: R-HSA-53517
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: nucleoplasm
Primary external reference: UniProt: DHX9: Q08211
Identifier: R-HSA-9836168
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: cytosol
Primary external reference: UniProt: DHX9: Q08211

Reaction (4 results from a total of 4)

Identifier: R-HSA-3134954
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: cytosol
DHX9 binds CpG-B in human plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC). The DUF domain of DHX9 was shown to be essential for binding CpG-B [Kim T et al 2010].
Identifier: R-HSA-9836159
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: cytosol
ATP-dependent RNA helicase A (DHX9, RHA, DDX9) unwinds numerous nucleic acid substrates such as dsDNA and dsRNA, facilitating viral replication. Protein kinase R (PKR, EIF2AK2) phosphorylates DHX9, perturbing its association with dsRNA. Modification occurs in the first 263 amino acids of DHX9, where the dsRNA binding motifs are located. Blocking the interaction between PKR and DHX9 increases the infectivity of HIV-1 (Fujii et al, 2001; Sadler et al, 2009).
Identifier: R-HSA-3134953
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: cytosol
Both DHX36 and DHX9 were found to interact with MyD88 when co-expressed in human embryonic kidney 293T cells. Moreover, the HA2 and DUF domains of DHX were critical for interaction with the TIR domain of MyD88 [Kim T et al 2010].

DHX9 or DHX36 knockdown by siRNA inhibited cytokine release in human GEN2.2 cell line (leukemic pDC cells) in response to CpG-ODN or to HSV but not to RNA viruses. Furthermore, knockdown of DHX36 diminished the nuclear localization of IRF7 in CpG-A-stimulated cells, while knockdown of DHX9 inhibited nuclear localization of NF-kappaB p50 in response to CpG-B. Thus, DHX36 and DHX9 are thought to trigger MyD88-dependent IRF7 and NF-kappaB activation respectively [Kim T et al 2010].

Identifier: R-HSA-9604480
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: cytosol, nucleoplasm
NFkB is a family of transcription factors that play pivotal roles in immune, inflammatory, and antiapoptotic responses. There are five NF-kB/Rel family members, p65 (RelA), RelB, c-Rel, p50/p105 (NF-kappa-B1) and p52/p100 (NFkappa-B2), All members of the NFkB family contain a highly conserved DNA-binding and dimerization domain called Rel-homology region (RHR). The RHR is responsible for homo- or heterodimerization. Therefore, NF-kappa-B exists in unstimulated cells as homo or heterodimers; the most common heterodimer is p65/p50. NF-kappa-B is sequestered in the cytosol of unstimulated cells through the interactions with a class of inhibitor proteins called IkBs, which mask the nuclear localization signal of NF-kB and prevent its nuclear translocation. Various stimuli induce the activation of the IkB kinase (IKK) complex, which then phosphorylates IkBs. The phosphorylated IkBs are ubiquitinated and then degraded through the proteasome-mediated pathway. The degradation of IkBs releases NF-kappa-B and and it can be transported into nucleus where it induces the expression of target genes.

DExH/D-box helicase (DHX9)-mediated sensing of CpG-B trigger downstream signaling to NF-Îșappa B. Knockdown of DHX9 expression by RNA interference in the CpG-B-treated human plasmacytoid dendritic cell line Gen2.2 inhibited nuclear localization of p50 (NF-kappa-B1) subunit of NF-Îșappa B complex (Kim T et al. 2010).

DNA-dependent activator of IRFs/Z-DNA binding protein 1 (ZBP1 or DAI) recruits RIP1 and RIP3 through RIP homotypic interaction motifs to activate NF-kappaB (Rebsamen M et al. 2009).

Complex (2 results from a total of 2)

Identifier: R-HSA-3134868
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: cytosol
Identifier: R-HSA-3134960
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: cytosol

Set (2 results from a total of 2)

Identifier: R-HSA-3134958
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: cytosol
Identifier: R-HSA-3134961
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: cytosol

Pathway (2 results from a total of 2)

Identifier: R-HSA-3134963
Species: Homo sapiens
DHX36 and DHX9 are aspartate-glutamate-any amino acid aspartate/histidine (DExD/H) box helicase (DHX) proteins that localize in the cytosol. The DHX RNA helicases family includes a large number of proteins that are implicated in RNA metabolism. Members of this family, RIG-1 and MDA5, have been shown to sense a non-self RNA leading to type I IFN production. RNA helicases DHX36 and DHX9 were found to trigger host responses to non-self DNA in MyD88-dependent manner. DHX36 sensed CpG class A, while DHX9 sensed CpG class B. Both DHX36 and DHX9 were critical for antiviral immune responses in viral DNA-stimulated human plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) (Kim T et al. 2010).
Identifier: R-HSA-1834949
Species: Homo sapiens
Presence of pathogen-associated DNA in cytosol induces type I IFN production. Several intracellular receptors have been implicated to some degree. These include DNA-dependent activator of interferon (IFN)-regulatory factors (DAI) (also called Z-DNA-binding protein 1, ZBP1), absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2), RNA polymerase III (Pol III), IFN-inducible protein IFI16, leucine-rich repeat flightless interacting protein-1 (LRRFIP1), DEAH-box helicases (DHX9 and DHX36), DEAD-box helicase DDX41, meiotic recombination 11 homolog A (MRE11), DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) and stimulator of interferon genes (STING).

Detection of cytosolic DNA requires multiple and possibly redundant sensors leading to activation of the transcription factor NF-kappaB and TBK1-mediated phosphorylation of the transcription factor IRF3. Cytosolic DNA also activates caspase-1-dependent maturation of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin IL-1beta and IL-18. This pathway is mediated by AIM2.

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