Search results for GEM

Showing 6 results out of 33

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Protein (3 results from a total of 13)

Identifier: R-HSA-191833
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: cytosol
Primary external reference: UniProt: GEMIN5: Q8TEQ6
Identifier: R-HSA-191836
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: cytosol
Primary external reference: UniProt: GEMIN4: P57678
Identifier: R-HSA-191795
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: nucleoplasm
Primary external reference: UniProt: GEMIN2: O14893

Reaction (3 results from a total of 10)

Identifier: R-HSA-9613219
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: nucleoplasm, cytosol
RRAD (Ras associated with diabetes) is a small GTP-binding member of the RAS superfaily that was originally as being overexpressed in skeletal muscle of people with type II diabetes (Reynet and Kahn, 1993; Zhu et al, 1995). RRAD has roles in cardiac regulation, and contributes to glucose metabolism and tumor metastasis through interaction with NME1 (nucleoside diphosphate kinase A) (Chang et al, 2007; Wang et al, 2010; Zhu et al, 1999; Tseng et al, 2001). In addition, RRAD contributes to Schwann cell development and myelination by modulating the RHO ROCK pathway (Ward et al, 2002; Yamauchi et al, 2004; Melendez-Vasquez et al, 2004). RRAD gene expression is positively regulated upon binding of EGR1 or EGR2 to their cognate sites in the promoter, while EGR-dependent recruitment of NAB proteins leads to EGR-mediated repression through the recruitment of chromatin remodellers and histone deacetylase complexes (Svaren et al, 2000; Mager et al, 2008). RRAD expression is repressed in Schwann cells during myelination and is upregulated in NAB knockout mice, implicating NAB proteins as negative regulators of RRAD expression (Verheijen et al, 2003; Mager et al, 2008; Desmazières et al, 2008). It is worth noting, however, that a number of genes required for Schwann cell differentiation and myelination are activated by EGR:NAB complexes at their promoters (Le et al, 2005).
Identifier: R-HSA-9013161
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: plasma membrane, cytosol
The following GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) were shown to bind CDC42 and stimulate its GTPase activity, resulting in GTP to GDP hydrolysis and conversion of the active CDC42:GTP complex into the inactive CDC42:GDP complex (the high throughput screen by Bagci et al. 2020 is cited as supporting evidence since it examined binding of GAPs to constitutively active CDC42 mutant but did not test for activation of CDC42 GTPase activity):
ARAP1 (Miura et al. 2002; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP1 (Nassar et al. 1998; Amin et al. 2016; Müller et al. 2020; supported by Bagci et al. 2020)
ARHGAP20 (Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP22 (Mori et al. 2014; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP39 (Lundström et al. 2004; Müller et al. 2020; supported by Bagci et al. 2020)
ARHGAP40 (Müller et al. 2020)
FAM13B (Müller et al. 2020)
HMHA1 (de Kreuk et al. 2013)

The following GAPs were shown to bind CDC42 and stimulate its GTPase activity in some but not all studies and are annotated as candidate CDC42 GAPs:
ABR (Chuang et al. 1995, Amin et al. 2016: CDC42 directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active CDC42 GAP)
ARAP2 (Müller et al. 2020: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Yoon et al. 2006: no CDC42-directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active CDC42)
ARAP3 (Krugmann et al. 2002, Müller et al. 2020: CDC42 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active CDC42)
ARHGAP4 (Vogt et al. 2007: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP5 (Burbelo et al. 1995: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active CDC42; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP9 (Furukawa et al. 2001: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP10 (also known as Graf2) (Shibata et al. 2001: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP11B (Müller et al. 2020: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Florio et al. 2015: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP17 (Richnau and Aspenstrom 2001, Amin et al. 2016: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active CDC42; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP21 (Sousa et al. 2005: CDC42 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active CDC42; Lazarini et al. 2013, Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42 directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP24 (Lavelin and Geiger 2005, Ohta et al. 2006: CDC42 directed GAP activity; Su et al. 2004, Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42 directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP26 (Hildebrand 1996, Sheffield et al. 1999, Amin et al. 2016: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP27 (Sakakibara et al. 2004: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP29 (Saras et al. 1997: CDC42 directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active CDC42)
ARHGAP30 (Müller et al. 2020: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Naji et al. 2011: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP31 (Tcherkezian et al. 2006, Müller et al. 2020: CDC42 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active CDC42)
ARHGAP32 (Nakazawa et al. 2003: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active CDC42; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP33 (Chiang et al. 2003, Liu et al. 2006: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP35 (Zhang et al. 1997, Amin et al. 2016: CDC42 directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active CDC42)
ARHGAP42 (Bai et al. 2013: CDC42 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active CDC42)
ARHGAP44 (also known as RICH2) (Raynaud et al. 2014: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
BCR (Chuang et al. 1995: CDC42 directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active CDC42)
CHN1 (also known as ARHGAP2) (Ahmed et al. 1994: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
DEPDC1B (Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active CDC42; Wu et al. 2015, Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42 directed GAP activity)
DLC1 (Healy et al. 2008, Kim et al. 2008, Amin et al. 2016: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
GMIP (Müller et al. 2020: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Aresta et al. 2002: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
MYO9B (Müller et al. 2020: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Post et al. 1998, Kong et al. 2015: no CDC42-directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active CDC42)
OPHN1 (Elvers et al. 2012, Amin et al. 2016: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active CDC42; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
PIK3R1 (Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active CDC42; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
PIK3R2 (Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active CDC42; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
RACGAP1 (Touré et al. 1998, Amin et al. 2016: CDC42 directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active CDC42)
RALBP1 (Jullien Flores et al. 1995: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
SRGAP1 (Wong et al. 2001: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
SRGAP2 (Mason et al. 2011, Müller et al. 2020: CDC42 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active CDC42)
SRGAP3 (Endris et al. 2002: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
STARD8 (Kawai et al. 2007, Müller et al. 2020: CDC42 directed GAP activity; Amin et al. 2016: no CDC42 directed GAP activity)
STARD13 (Leung et al. 2005, Ching et al. 2003: CDC42 directed GAP activity; Amin et al. 2016, Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42 directed GAP activity)
SYDE1 (Amado Azevedo et al. 2017: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active CDC42; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
TAGAP (Bauer et al. 2005: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)

The following GAPs do not act on CDC42 or were shown in the high throughput screen by Bagci et al. 2020 to not bind to constitutively active CDC42 mutant:
ARHGAP6 (Prakash et al. 2000; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP8 (Lua and Low 2004; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP11A (Lawson et al. 2016; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP12 (Bagci et al. 2020; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP15 (Seoh et al. 2003; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP18 (Maeda et al. 2011; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP19 (David et al. 2014; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP23 (Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP25 (Csépányi Kömi et al. 2012; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP28 (Yeung et al. 2014; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP36 (Rack et al. 2014; Müller et al. 2020; ARHGAP36 was shown by Jelen et al. 2009 to lack motifs needed for the GAP activity and likely does not act like a GAP)
ARHGAP45 (Müller et al. 2020)
CHN2 (Caloca et al. 2003; Müller et al. 2020)
DEPDC1 (Müller et al. 2020)
FAM13A (Müller et al. 2020)
INPP5B (Müller et al. 2020)
MYO9A (Müller et al. 2020; Bagci et al. 2020)
OCRL (Erdmann et al. 2007; Lichter Konecki et al. 2006; Müller et al. 2020; Bagci et al. 2020)
SH3BP1 (Müller et al. 2020)
SYDE2 (Müller et al. 2020)
Identifier: R-HSA-9013144
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: plasma membrane, cytosol
The following GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) were shown to bind RAC1 and stimulate its GTPase activity, resulting in GTP to GDP hydrolysis and conversion of the active RAC1:GTP complex into the inactive RAC1:GDP complex (the high throughput screen by Bagci et al. 2020 examined binding of GAPs to constitutively active RAC1 mutant without testing for activation of RAC1 GTPase activity and is cited as supporting evidence, as indicated):
ARHGAP4 (Vogt et al. 2007; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP9 (Furukawa et al. 2001; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP15 (Seoh et al. 2003; Zamboni et al. 2016; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP20 (Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP22 (Mori et al. 2014; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP23 (Martin Vilchez et al. 2017; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP27 (Sakakibara et al. 2004; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP30 (Naji et al. 2011; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP31 (Tcherkezian et al. 2006; Müller et al. 2020; supported by Bagci et al. 2020)
ARHGAP39 (Lundström et al. 2004; Müller et al. 2020; supported by Bagci et al. 2020)
ARHGAP44 (Raynaud et al. 2014; Müller et al. 2020)
CHN1 (Ahmed et al. 1994; Caloca et al. 2008; Müller et al. 2020)
CHN2 (Canagarajah et al. 2004; Caloca et al. 2003; Müller et al. 2020)
FAM13A (Müller et al. 2020)
FAM13B (Müller et al. 2020)
HMHA1 (de Kreuk et al. 2013)
RALBP1 (Jullien Flores et al. 1995; Müller et al. 2020)
SH3BP1 (Müller et al. 2020)
SRGAP2 (Mason et al. 2011; Guo and Bao 2010; Müller et al. 2020; supported by Bagci et al. 2020)
SRGAP3 (Endris et al. 2002; Müller et al. 2020)
SYDE2 (Müller et al. 2020)
TAGAP (Bauer et al. 2005; Müller et al. 2020)

The following GAPs were shown to bind RAC1 and stimulate its GTPase activity in some but not all studies and are annotated as candidate RAC1 GAPs (the high throughput screen by Bagci et al. 2020 examined binding of GAPs to constitutively active RAC1 mutant without testing for activation of RAC1 GTPase activity and is cited as supporting evidence, as indicated):
ABR (Chuang et al. 1995, Um et al. 2014, Amin et al. 2016; Müller et al. 2020: RAC1 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active RAC1)
ARAP1 (Müller et al. 2020: RAC1-directed GAP activity; Miura et al. 2002: no RAC1-directed GAP activity)
ARAP2 (Müller et al. 2020: RAC1 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active RAC1; Yoon et al. 2006: no RAC1 directed GAP activity)
ARAP3 (Krugmann et al. 2002, Müller et al. 2020: RAC1 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active RAC1)
ARHGAP1 (Amin et al. 2016: RAC1 directed GAP activity; Li et al. 2009, Yang et al. 2006, Müller et al. 2020: no RAC1 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active RAC1)
ARHGAP5 (Burbelo et al. 1995: RAC1-directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active RAC1; Müller et al. 2020: no RAC1-directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP10 (Shibata et al. 2001: RAC1-directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no RAC1-directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP12 (Müller et al. 2020: RAC1-directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active RAC1)
ARHGAP17 (Richnau and Aspenstrom 2001, Amin et al. 2016: RAC1 directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no RAC1 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active RAC1)
ARHGAP21 (Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active RAC1; Sousa et al. 2005, Müller et al. 2020: no RAC1 directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP24 (Lavelin and Geiger 2005, Ohta et al. 2006: RAC1 directed GAP activity; Su et al. 2004, Müller et al. 2020: no RAC1 directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP25 (Csépányi Kömi et al. 2016, Csépányi Kömi et al. 2012: RAC1-directed GTPase activity; Müller et al. 2020: no RAC1-directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP26 (Amin et al. 2016: RAC1 directed GAP activity; Sheffield et al. 1999, Müller et al. 2020: no RAC1 directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP29 (Saras et al. 1997: RAC1 directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no RAC1 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active RAC1)
ARHGAP32 (Nakazawa et al. 2003: RAC1-directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active RAC1; Müller et al. 2020: no RAC1-directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP33 (Müller et al. 2020: RAC1-directed GAP activity; Liu et al. 2006: no RAC1-directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP35 (Lévay et al. 2009, Amin et al. 2016, Müller et al. 2020: RAC1 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active RAC1)
ARHGAP42 (Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active RAC1; Bai et al. 2013: no RAC1 directed GAP activity)
BCR (Um et al. 2014, Chuang et al. 1995, Müller et al. 2020: RAC1 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active RAC1)
DEPDC1B (Wu et al. 2015: RAC1-directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active RAC1; Müller et al. 2020: no RAC1-directed GAP activity)
DLC1 (Amin et al. 2016: RAC1 directed GAP activity; Homma and Emori 1995, Müller et al. 2020: no RAC1 directed GAP activity)
GMIP (Müller et al. 2020: RAC1-directed GAP activity; Aresta et al. 2002: no RAC1-directed GAP activity)
MYO9B (Müller et al. 2020: RAC1-directed GAP activity; Post et al. 1998, Kong et al. 2015: no RAC1-directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active RAC1)
OPHN1 (Niermann et al. 2016, Billuart et al. 1998, Elvers et al. 2012, Amin et al. 2016: RAC1 directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no RAC1 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active RAC1)
PIK3R1 (Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active RAC1; Müller et al. 2020: no RAC1-directed GAP activity)
PIK3R2 (Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active RAC1; Müller et al. 2020: no RAC1-directed GAP activity)
RACGAP1 (Touré et al. 1998, Amin et al. 2016, Müller et al. 2020: RAC1 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active RAC1)
SRGAP1 (Müller et al. 2020: RAC1-directed GAP activity; Wong et al. 2001: no RAC1-directed GAP activity)

The following GAPs do not act on RAC1 or were shown by Bagci et al. 2020 to not bind constitutively active RAC1 mutant, as indicated:
ARHGAP6 (Prakash et al. 2000; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP8 (Lua and Low 2004; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP11A (Lawson et al. 2016; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP11B (Florio et al. 2015; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP18 (Maeda et al. 2011; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP19 (David et al. 2014; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP28 (Yeung et al. 2014; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP36 (Rack et al. 2014; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP40 (Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP45 (Müller et al. 2020)
DEPDC1 (Müller et al. 2020)
INPP5B (Müller et al. 2020)
MYO9A (Müller et al. 2020; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active RAC1)
OCRL (Erdmann et al. 2007; Lichter Konecki et al. 2006; Müller et al. 2020; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active RAC1)
STARD8 (Kawai et al. 2007; Amin et al. 2016; Müller et al. 2020)
STARD13 (Ching et al. 2003; Amin et al. 2016; Müller et al. 2020)
SYDE1 (Müller et al. 2020; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active RAC1)
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