Search results for GEM

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Reaction (10 results from a total of 10)

Identifier: R-HSA-9769011
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: nucleoplasm
Based on a study in rat primary neurons, NPAS4 and its heterodimerization partners ARNT and ARNT2 bind to the GEM gene locus and NPAS4 significantly upregulates GEM gene transcription (Brigidi et al. 2019). In a mouse model system, Gem gene was also identified as an Npas4 target gene which is induced by Npas4 and promotes neuroprotection after ischemic brain injury (Takahashi et al. 2021).
Identifier: R-HSA-9769014
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: nucleoplasm, plasma membrane
Based on a study in rat primary neurons, NPAS4 significantly upregulates GEM gene transcription (Brigidi et al. 2019). In a mouse model system, Gem gene was also identified as an Npas4 target gene which is induced by Npas4 and promotes neuroprotection after ischemic brain injury (Takahashi et al. 2021). GEM is also induced in human cerebral organoids cultured under ischemic conditions (Takahashi et al. 2021).
Identifier: R-HSA-68712
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: cytosol
From the end of anaphase and throughout G1, the Cdh1 (FZR1) containing anaphase-promoting complex (APC/C:Cdh1) ubiquitinates geminin (GMNN), targeting it for degradation and enabling release of CDT1 and the subsequent association of CDT1 with the replication origins.The presence of an APC destruction box in geminin and its APC/C-mediated ubiquitination and degradation was first demonstrated in Xenopus egg extracts (McGarry and Kirschner 1998) and was later confirmed in human cells, where it was shown to largely depend on Cdh1 and not Cdc20 component of the APC/C (Pfleger et al. 2001; Di Fiore and Pines 2007; Machida and Dutta 2007). Emi1 (FBXO5) mediated inhibition of the APC/C:Cdh1 complex in S and G2 phases is needed for stabilization of geminin and prevention of re-replication (Di Fiore and Pines 2007; Machida and Dutta 2007).
Identifier: R-HSA-69299
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: nucleoplasm
Geminin (GMNN) tightly binds to CDT1 and inhibits CDT1-mediated loading of the MCM2-7 complex to replication origins. During cell cycle, CDT1 is present only in G1 and S phases, while geminin is present in S and G2 phases. Geminin is thought to prevent inappropriate firing of replication origins during the G2 phase in multicellular eukaryotes (Wohlschlegel et al. 2000).

It has also been proposed that, instead of inhibiting CDT1-mediated loading of the MCM2-7 complex to ORC and CDC6 at the origins of replication, geminin binds to the pre-replicative complex and inhibits its transition to a state competent for initiation of DNA replication (Wu et al. 2014). The study by Wu et al. 2014, however, used recombinant, overexpressed human proteins, and did not take into account cell-cycle regulated expression of CDT1, CDC6 and geminin.
Identifier: R-HSA-68825
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: cytosol
APC/C-dependent degradation of geminin (GMNN) was first demonstrated in Xenopus (McGarry and Kirschner 1998) and was shown to be proteasome-dependent and sensitive to FBXO5 (Emi1)-mediated inhibition of the APC/C:Cdh1 activity in human cells (Machida and Dutta 2007).
Identifier: R-HSA-9613213
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: nucleoplasm
NAB2 is recruited to EGR2 to the RRAD promoter through interaction with the NCD1 (NAB conserved domain 1) (Svaren et al, 1996; Svaren et al, 1998). NAB2 in turn recruits the CHD4 subunit of the NURD chromatin remodelling complex through its CID (CHD4-interacting domain) and in this manner, represses transcription from the RRAD promoter (Srinivasan et al, 2006; Mager et al, 2008). In addition to roles in cellular proliferation and cardiac function, RRAD protein is known to contribute to RHO signaling, which promotes Schwann cell migration and myelination (Zhu et al, 1999; Wang et al, 2010; Chang et al, 2007, Ward et al, 2002; Yamauchi et al, 2004; Melendez-Vasquez et al, 2004).
Identifier: R-HSA-9613219
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: nucleoplasm, cytosol
RRAD (Ras associated with diabetes) is a small GTP-binding member of the RAS superfaily that was originally as being overexpressed in skeletal muscle of people with type II diabetes (Reynet and Kahn, 1993; Zhu et al, 1995). RRAD has roles in cardiac regulation, and contributes to glucose metabolism and tumor metastasis through interaction with NME1 (nucleoside diphosphate kinase A) (Chang et al, 2007; Wang et al, 2010; Zhu et al, 1999; Tseng et al, 2001). In addition, RRAD contributes to Schwann cell development and myelination by modulating the RHO ROCK pathway (Ward et al, 2002; Yamauchi et al, 2004; Melendez-Vasquez et al, 2004). RRAD gene expression is positively regulated upon binding of EGR1 or EGR2 to their cognate sites in the promoter, while EGR-dependent recruitment of NAB proteins leads to EGR-mediated repression through the recruitment of chromatin remodellers and histone deacetylase complexes (Svaren et al, 2000; Mager et al, 2008). RRAD expression is repressed in Schwann cells during myelination and is upregulated in NAB knockout mice, implicating NAB proteins as negative regulators of RRAD expression (Verheijen et al, 2003; Mager et al, 2008; Desmazières et al, 2008). It is worth noting, however, that a number of genes required for Schwann cell differentiation and myelination are activated by EGR:NAB complexes at their promoters (Le et al, 2005).
Identifier: R-HSA-9013161
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: plasma membrane, cytosol
The following GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) were shown to bind CDC42 and stimulate its GTPase activity, resulting in GTP to GDP hydrolysis and conversion of the active CDC42:GTP complex into the inactive CDC42:GDP complex (the high throughput screen by Bagci et al. 2020 is cited as supporting evidence since it examined binding of GAPs to constitutively active CDC42 mutant but did not test for activation of CDC42 GTPase activity):
ARAP1 (Miura et al. 2002; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP1 (Nassar et al. 1998; Amin et al. 2016; Müller et al. 2020; supported by Bagci et al. 2020)
ARHGAP20 (Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP22 (Mori et al. 2014; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP39 (Lundström et al. 2004; Müller et al. 2020; supported by Bagci et al. 2020)
ARHGAP40 (Müller et al. 2020)
FAM13B (Müller et al. 2020)
HMHA1 (de Kreuk et al. 2013)

The following GAPs were shown to bind CDC42 and stimulate its GTPase activity in some but not all studies and are annotated as candidate CDC42 GAPs:
ABR (Chuang et al. 1995, Amin et al. 2016: CDC42 directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active CDC42 GAP)
ARAP2 (Müller et al. 2020: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Yoon et al. 2006: no CDC42-directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active CDC42)
ARAP3 (Krugmann et al. 2002, Müller et al. 2020: CDC42 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active CDC42)
ARHGAP4 (Vogt et al. 2007: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP5 (Burbelo et al. 1995: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active CDC42; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP9 (Furukawa et al. 2001: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP10 (also known as Graf2) (Shibata et al. 2001: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP11B (Müller et al. 2020: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Florio et al. 2015: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP17 (Richnau and Aspenstrom 2001, Amin et al. 2016: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active CDC42; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP21 (Sousa et al. 2005: CDC42 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active CDC42; Lazarini et al. 2013, Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42 directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP24 (Lavelin and Geiger 2005, Ohta et al. 2006: CDC42 directed GAP activity; Su et al. 2004, Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42 directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP26 (Hildebrand 1996, Sheffield et al. 1999, Amin et al. 2016: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP27 (Sakakibara et al. 2004: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP29 (Saras et al. 1997: CDC42 directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active CDC42)
ARHGAP30 (Müller et al. 2020: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Naji et al. 2011: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP31 (Tcherkezian et al. 2006, Müller et al. 2020: CDC42 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active CDC42)
ARHGAP32 (Nakazawa et al. 2003: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active CDC42; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP33 (Chiang et al. 2003, Liu et al. 2006: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP35 (Zhang et al. 1997, Amin et al. 2016: CDC42 directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active CDC42)
ARHGAP42 (Bai et al. 2013: CDC42 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active CDC42)
ARHGAP44 (also known as RICH2) (Raynaud et al. 2014: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
BCR (Chuang et al. 1995: CDC42 directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active CDC42)
CHN1 (also known as ARHGAP2) (Ahmed et al. 1994: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
DEPDC1B (Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active CDC42; Wu et al. 2015, Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42 directed GAP activity)
DLC1 (Healy et al. 2008, Kim et al. 2008, Amin et al. 2016: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
GMIP (Müller et al. 2020: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Aresta et al. 2002: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
MYO9B (Müller et al. 2020: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Post et al. 1998, Kong et al. 2015: no CDC42-directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active CDC42)
OPHN1 (Elvers et al. 2012, Amin et al. 2016: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active CDC42; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
PIK3R1 (Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active CDC42; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
PIK3R2 (Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active CDC42; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
RACGAP1 (Touré et al. 1998, Amin et al. 2016: CDC42 directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active CDC42)
RALBP1 (Jullien Flores et al. 1995: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
SRGAP1 (Wong et al. 2001: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
SRGAP2 (Mason et al. 2011, Müller et al. 2020: CDC42 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active CDC42)
SRGAP3 (Endris et al. 2002: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
STARD8 (Kawai et al. 2007, Müller et al. 2020: CDC42 directed GAP activity; Amin et al. 2016: no CDC42 directed GAP activity)
STARD13 (Leung et al. 2005, Ching et al. 2003: CDC42 directed GAP activity; Amin et al. 2016, Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42 directed GAP activity)
SYDE1 (Amado Azevedo et al. 2017: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active CDC42; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)
TAGAP (Bauer et al. 2005: CDC42-directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no CDC42-directed GAP activity)

The following GAPs do not act on CDC42 or were shown in the high throughput screen by Bagci et al. 2020 to not bind to constitutively active CDC42 mutant:
ARHGAP6 (Prakash et al. 2000; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP8 (Lua and Low 2004; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP11A (Lawson et al. 2016; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP12 (Bagci et al. 2020; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP15 (Seoh et al. 2003; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP18 (Maeda et al. 2011; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP19 (David et al. 2014; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP23 (Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP25 (Csépányi Kömi et al. 2012; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP28 (Yeung et al. 2014; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP36 (Rack et al. 2014; Müller et al. 2020; ARHGAP36 was shown by Jelen et al. 2009 to lack motifs needed for the GAP activity and likely does not act like a GAP)
ARHGAP45 (Müller et al. 2020)
CHN2 (Caloca et al. 2003; Müller et al. 2020)
DEPDC1 (Müller et al. 2020)
FAM13A (Müller et al. 2020)
INPP5B (Müller et al. 2020)
MYO9A (Müller et al. 2020; Bagci et al. 2020)
OCRL (Erdmann et al. 2007; Lichter Konecki et al. 2006; Müller et al. 2020; Bagci et al. 2020)
SH3BP1 (Müller et al. 2020)
SYDE2 (Müller et al. 2020)
Identifier: R-HSA-9013144
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: plasma membrane, cytosol
The following GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) were shown to bind RAC1 and stimulate its GTPase activity, resulting in GTP to GDP hydrolysis and conversion of the active RAC1:GTP complex into the inactive RAC1:GDP complex (the high throughput screen by Bagci et al. 2020 examined binding of GAPs to constitutively active RAC1 mutant without testing for activation of RAC1 GTPase activity and is cited as supporting evidence, as indicated):
ARHGAP4 (Vogt et al. 2007; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP9 (Furukawa et al. 2001; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP15 (Seoh et al. 2003; Zamboni et al. 2016; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP20 (Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP22 (Mori et al. 2014; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP23 (Martin Vilchez et al. 2017; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP27 (Sakakibara et al. 2004; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP30 (Naji et al. 2011; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP31 (Tcherkezian et al. 2006; Müller et al. 2020; supported by Bagci et al. 2020)
ARHGAP39 (Lundström et al. 2004; Müller et al. 2020; supported by Bagci et al. 2020)
ARHGAP44 (Raynaud et al. 2014; Müller et al. 2020)
CHN1 (Ahmed et al. 1994; Caloca et al. 2008; Müller et al. 2020)
CHN2 (Canagarajah et al. 2004; Caloca et al. 2003; Müller et al. 2020)
FAM13A (Müller et al. 2020)
FAM13B (Müller et al. 2020)
HMHA1 (de Kreuk et al. 2013)
RALBP1 (Jullien Flores et al. 1995; Müller et al. 2020)
SH3BP1 (Müller et al. 2020)
SRGAP2 (Mason et al. 2011; Guo and Bao 2010; Müller et al. 2020; supported by Bagci et al. 2020)
SRGAP3 (Endris et al. 2002; Müller et al. 2020)
SYDE2 (Müller et al. 2020)
TAGAP (Bauer et al. 2005; Müller et al. 2020)

The following GAPs were shown to bind RAC1 and stimulate its GTPase activity in some but not all studies and are annotated as candidate RAC1 GAPs (the high throughput screen by Bagci et al. 2020 examined binding of GAPs to constitutively active RAC1 mutant without testing for activation of RAC1 GTPase activity and is cited as supporting evidence, as indicated):
ABR (Chuang et al. 1995, Um et al. 2014, Amin et al. 2016; Müller et al. 2020: RAC1 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active RAC1)
ARAP1 (Müller et al. 2020: RAC1-directed GAP activity; Miura et al. 2002: no RAC1-directed GAP activity)
ARAP2 (Müller et al. 2020: RAC1 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active RAC1; Yoon et al. 2006: no RAC1 directed GAP activity)
ARAP3 (Krugmann et al. 2002, Müller et al. 2020: RAC1 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active RAC1)
ARHGAP1 (Amin et al. 2016: RAC1 directed GAP activity; Li et al. 2009, Yang et al. 2006, Müller et al. 2020: no RAC1 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active RAC1)
ARHGAP5 (Burbelo et al. 1995: RAC1-directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active RAC1; Müller et al. 2020: no RAC1-directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP10 (Shibata et al. 2001: RAC1-directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no RAC1-directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP12 (Müller et al. 2020: RAC1-directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active RAC1)
ARHGAP17 (Richnau and Aspenstrom 2001, Amin et al. 2016: RAC1 directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no RAC1 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active RAC1)
ARHGAP21 (Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active RAC1; Sousa et al. 2005, Müller et al. 2020: no RAC1 directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP24 (Lavelin and Geiger 2005, Ohta et al. 2006: RAC1 directed GAP activity; Su et al. 2004, Müller et al. 2020: no RAC1 directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP25 (Csépányi Kömi et al. 2016, Csépányi Kömi et al. 2012: RAC1-directed GTPase activity; Müller et al. 2020: no RAC1-directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP26 (Amin et al. 2016: RAC1 directed GAP activity; Sheffield et al. 1999, Müller et al. 2020: no RAC1 directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP29 (Saras et al. 1997: RAC1 directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no RAC1 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active RAC1)
ARHGAP32 (Nakazawa et al. 2003: RAC1-directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active RAC1; Müller et al. 2020: no RAC1-directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP33 (Müller et al. 2020: RAC1-directed GAP activity; Liu et al. 2006: no RAC1-directed GAP activity)
ARHGAP35 (Lévay et al. 2009, Amin et al. 2016, Müller et al. 2020: RAC1 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active RAC1)
ARHGAP42 (Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active RAC1; Bai et al. 2013: no RAC1 directed GAP activity)
BCR (Um et al. 2014, Chuang et al. 1995, Müller et al. 2020: RAC1 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active RAC1)
DEPDC1B (Wu et al. 2015: RAC1-directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active RAC1; Müller et al. 2020: no RAC1-directed GAP activity)
DLC1 (Amin et al. 2016: RAC1 directed GAP activity; Homma and Emori 1995, Müller et al. 2020: no RAC1 directed GAP activity)
GMIP (Müller et al. 2020: RAC1-directed GAP activity; Aresta et al. 2002: no RAC1-directed GAP activity)
MYO9B (Müller et al. 2020: RAC1-directed GAP activity; Post et al. 1998, Kong et al. 2015: no RAC1-directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active RAC1)
OPHN1 (Niermann et al. 2016, Billuart et al. 1998, Elvers et al. 2012, Amin et al. 2016: RAC1 directed GAP activity; Müller et al. 2020: no RAC1 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active RAC1)
PIK3R1 (Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active RAC1; Müller et al. 2020: no RAC1-directed GAP activity)
PIK3R2 (Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active RAC1; Müller et al. 2020: no RAC1-directed GAP activity)
RACGAP1 (Touré et al. 1998, Amin et al. 2016, Müller et al. 2020: RAC1 directed GAP activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active RAC1)
SRGAP1 (Müller et al. 2020: RAC1-directed GAP activity; Wong et al. 2001: no RAC1-directed GAP activity)

The following GAPs do not act on RAC1 or were shown by Bagci et al. 2020 to not bind constitutively active RAC1 mutant, as indicated:
ARHGAP6 (Prakash et al. 2000; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP8 (Lua and Low 2004; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP11A (Lawson et al. 2016; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP11B (Florio et al. 2015; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP18 (Maeda et al. 2011; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP19 (David et al. 2014; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP28 (Yeung et al. 2014; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP36 (Rack et al. 2014; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP40 (Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP45 (Müller et al. 2020)
DEPDC1 (Müller et al. 2020)
INPP5B (Müller et al. 2020)
MYO9A (Müller et al. 2020; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active RAC1)
OCRL (Erdmann et al. 2007; Lichter Konecki et al. 2006; Müller et al. 2020; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active RAC1)
STARD8 (Kawai et al. 2007; Amin et al. 2016; Müller et al. 2020)
STARD13 (Ching et al. 2003; Amin et al. 2016; Müller et al. 2020)
SYDE1 (Müller et al. 2020; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active RAC1)
Identifier: R-HSA-8981637
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: cytosol, plasma membrane
The following GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) were shown to bind RHOA and stimulate its GTPase activity, resulting in GTP to GDP hydrolysis and conversion of the active RHOA:GTP complex into the inactive RHOA:GDP complex (the high throughput study by Bagci et al. 2020 looked at preferential binding of GAPs to active RHOA mutant compared to wild type RHOA but did not examine activation of GTPase activity):
ARHGAP5 (Burbelo et al. 1995; Kusama et al. 2006; Amin et al. 2016; Müller et al. 2020; supported by Bagci et al. 2020)
ARHGAP6 (Prakash et al. 2000; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP8 (Lua and Low 2004; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP10 (Shibata et al. 2001; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP11A (Lawson et al. 2016; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP11B (Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP19 (David et al. 2014; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP20 (Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP21 (Sousa et al. 2005; Lazarini et al. 2013; Müller et al. 2020; supported by Bagci et al. 2020)
ARHGAP23 (Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP26 (Hildebrand et al. 1996; Sheffield et al. 1999; Amin et al. 2016; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP28 (Yeung et al. 2014; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP29 (Saras et al. 1997; Müller et al. 2020; supported by Bagci et al. 2020)
ARHGAP30 (Naji et al. 2011; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP40 (Müller et al. 2020)
DLC1 (Healy et al. 2008; Amin et al. 2016; Müller et al. 2020)
GMIP (Aresta et al. 2002; Müller et al. 2020)
HMHA1 (de Kreuk et al. 2013)
MYO9A (Handa et al. 2013; Omelchenko and Hall 2012; Müller et al. 2020; supported by Bagci et al. 2020)
MYO9B (Post et al. 1998; Graf et al. 2000; Kong et al. 2015; Müller et al. 2020; supported by Bagci et al. 2020)
TAGAP (Bauer et al. 2005; Müller et al. 2020)

The following GAPs were shown to bind RHOA and stimulate its GTPase activity in some but not all studies and are annotated as candidate RHOA GAPs:
ABR (Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active RHOA; Chuang et al. 1995, Amin et al. 2016, Müller et al. 2020: no activation of RHOA GTPase activity)
ARAP1 (Miura et al. 2002: activation of RHOA GTPase activity; Müller et al. 2020: no activation of RHOA GTPase activity)
ARAP2 (Müller et al. 2020: activation of RHOA GTPase activity; Yoon et al. 2006: no activation of RHOA GTPase activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active RHOA)
ARAP3 (Krugmann et al. 2002: activation of RHOA GTPase activity; Müller et al. 2020: no activation of RHOA GTPase activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active RHOA)
ARHGAP1 (Zhang and Zheng 1998, Amin et al. 2016, Müller et al. 2020: activation of RHOA GTPase activity; Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active RHOA; Yang et al. 2006, Li et al. 2009: no activation of RHOA GTPase activity)
ARHGAP4 (Vogt et al. 2007: activation of RHOA GTPase activity; Müller et al. 2020: no activation of RHOA GTPase activity)
ARHGAP9 (Furukawa et al. 2001: activation of RHOA GTPase activity; Müller et al. 2020: no activation of RHOA GTPase activity)
ARHGAP18 (Maeda et al. 2011: activation of RHOA GTPase activity; Müller et al. 2020: no activation of RHOA GTPase activity)
ARHGAP22 (Müller et al. 2020: activation of RHOA GTPase activity; Mori et al. 2014: no activation of RHOA GTPase activity)
ARHGAP24 (Su et al. 2004: activation of RHOA GTPase activity; Lavelin and Geiger 2005, Ohta et al. 2006, Müller et al. 2020: no activation of RHOA GTPase activity)
ARHGAP31 (Müller et al. 2020: activation of RHOA GTPase activity; Tcherkezian et al. 2006: no activation of RHOA GTPase activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active RHOA)
ARHGAP32 (Nakazawa et al. 2003: activation of RHOA GTPase activity; Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active RHOA; Müller et al. 2020: no activation of RHOA GTPase activity)
ARHGAP35 (Levay et al. 2009, Amin et al. 2016; Müller et al. 2020: activation of RHOA GTPase activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active RHOA)
ARHGAP39 (Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active RHOA; Lundstrom et al. 2004, Müller et al. 2020: no activation of RHOA GTPase activity)
ARHGAP42 (Bai et al. 2013, Luo et al. 2017, Bai et al. 2017: activation of RHOA GTPase activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active RHOA)
ARHGAP44 (Raynaud et al. 2014: activation of RHOA GTPase activity; Müller et al. 2020: no activation of RHOA GTPase activity)
BCR (Zhang and Zheng 1998: activation of RHOA GTPase activity; Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active RHOA; Chuang et al. 1995, Müller et al. 2020: no activation of RHOA GTPase activity),
DEPDC1B (Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active RHOA; Wu et al. 2015, Müller et al. 2020: no activation of RHOA GTPase activity)
FAM13A (Li et al. 2015: activation of RHOA GTPase activity; Müller et al. 2020: no activation of RHOA GTPase activity)
OPHN1 (Elvers et al. 2012, Amin et al. 2016: activation of RHOA GTPase activity; Müller et al. 2020: no activation of RHOA GTPase activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active RHOA)
PIK3R1 (Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active RHOA; Müller et al. 2020: no activation of RHOA GTPase activity)
PIK3R2 (Bagci et al. 2020: binding to active RHOA; Müller et al. 2020: no activation of RHOA GTPase activity)
RACGAP1 (Toure et al. 1998; Amin et al. 2016: activation of RHOA GTPase activity; Müller et al. 2020: no activation of RHOA GTPase activity; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active RHOA)
SRGAP1 (Wong et al. 2001: activation of RHOA GTPase activity; Müller et al. 2020: no activation of RHOA GTPase activity)
STARD8 (Kawai et al. 2007, Müller et al. 2020: activation of RHOA GTPase activity; Amin et al. 2016: no activation of RHOA GTPase activity)
STARD13 (Ching et al. 2003, Leung et al. 2005, Müller et al. 2020: activation of RHOA GTPase activity; Amin et al. 2016: no activation of RHOA GTPase activity)

The following GAPs do not act on RHOA or were shown to not bind to active RHOA without testing for activation of RHOA GTPase activity:
ARHGAP12 (Müller et al. 2020; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to RHOA)
ARHGAP15 (Seoh et al. 2003; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP17 (Richnau and Aspenstrom 2001; Amin et al. 2016; Müller et al. 2020; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to RHOA)
ARHGAP25 (Csepanyi Komi et al. 2012; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP27 (Sakakibara et al. 2004; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP33 (Liu et al. 2006; Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP36 (Müller et al. 2020)
ARHGAP45 (Müller et al. 2020)
CHN1 (Ahmed et al. 1994; Müller et al. 2020)
CHN2 (Caloca et al. 2003; Müller et al. 2020)
DEPDC1 (Müller et al. 2020)
FAM13B (Müller et al. 2020)
INPP5B (Müller et al. 2020)
OCRL (Lichter Konecki et al. 2006; Erdmann et al. 2007; Müller et al. 2020; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active RHOA)
RALBP1 (Jullien Flores et al. 1995; Müller et al. 2020)
SH3BP1 (Müller et al. 2020)
SRGAP2 (Mason et al. 2011; Müller et al. 2020; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active RHOA)
SRGAP3 (Endris et al. 2002; Müller et al. 2020)
SYDE1 (Müller et al. 2020; Bagci et al. 2020: no binding to active RHOA)
SYDE2 (Müller et al. 2020)
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