Search results for TAT

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Reaction (3 results from a total of 22)

Identifier: R-HSA-9654533
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: plasma membrane, cytosol
ARL2:GTP facilitates the release of the farnesyl group on KRAS4B by promoting a conformational change in PDE6D (Ismail et al, 2011; Schmick et al, 2014). This step is required for the proper localization of KRAS4B at the plasma membrane, but the complete details of this are not fully established. Newly liberated KRAS4B by interact with the negatively charged membrane of recycling endosome and in this way be targeted back to the plasma membrane (Chen et al, 2010; Schmick et al, 2014; reviewed in Schmick et al, 2015
Identifier: R-HSA-112379
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: nucleoplasm
At the beginning of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'FACT complex', 1 molecule of 'Elongin Complex', 1 molecule of 'Early elongation complex with hyperphosphorylated Pol II CTD', 1 molecule of 'TFIIH', 1 molecule of 'RNA polymerase II elongation factor ELL', and 1 molecule of 'TFIIS protein' are present. At the end of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'Elongation complex' is present.

This reaction takes place in the 'nucleus'.
Identifier: R-HSA-9684068
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: extracellular region, plasma membrane
Cardiac glycosides are a class of organic compounds that increase the output force of the heart and increase its rate of contractions by inhibition of the cellular sodium-potassium ATPase pump (ATP1A1). Their beneficial medical uses are as treatments for congestive heart failure and cardiac arrhythmias. Cardiac glycosides are primarily derived from foxglove plants or from the venom of the cane toad Bufo marinus. Their toxicity prevents them from being widely used. Changes to heart inotropic and chronotropic activity results in multiple kinds of dysrhythmia and potentially fatal ventricular tachycardia. Different cardiac glycosides show different specificities towards sodium-potassium ATPase pump alpha isoforms (Hauck et al. 2009, Katz et al. 2010, Cherniavsky et al. 2015).

HIV-1 Tat is essential for HIV-1 replication. Tat must escape from the cell in order for it to activate the HIV-1 LTR promoter and facilitate HIV-1 viral replication. Tat utilises the cellular ATP1A1 pump for secretion out of cells. The cardiac glycosides ouabain, digoxin, digitoxin, acetyldigitoxin and deslanoside can all inhibit ATP1A1 (Smith 1984), impairing extracellular Tat release and blocking HIV-1 replication (Agostini et al. 2017).
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