Carbonic anhydrase I (CA1, Khalifah 1971, Pesando 1975, Simonsson et al. 1982, Ren & Lindskog 1992) and carbonic anhydrase II (CA2, Tibell et al. 1984, Jones & Shaw 1983, Ghannam et al. 1986) hydrate carbon dioxide (CO2) to yield bicarbonate (HCO3-) and a proton (H+). During the reaction a hydroxyl group bound by the zinc ion (Zn2+) attacks the CO2 molecule in the active site to directly form HCO3- (reviewed in Lindskog 1997). The HCO3- is displaced by water, which is then deprotonated by a histidine residue to recreate the Zn2+:hydroxyl group. Depending on the concentrations of reactants the reaction is reversible.
Lindskog, S, Simonsson, I, Jonsson, BH
Pesando, JM
Jones, GL, Shaw, DC
Lindskog, S, Ren, X
Forsman, C, Lindskog, S, Simonsson, I, Tibell, L
Khalifah, RG
Rowlett, RS, Tsen, W, Ghannam, AF
Lindskog, S
carbonate dehydratase activity of CA1:Zn2+,CA2:Zn2+ [cytosol]
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