Reactome | RNA polymerase III transcribes microbial dsDNA to dsRNA

RNA polymerase III transcribes microbial dsDNA to dsRNA

Stable Identifier

R-HSA-1964482

Type

Reaction [omitted]

Species

Homo sapiens

Related Species

Human gammaherpesvirus 4, Human herpesvirus 1, Legionella pneumophila

Compartment

cytosol

ReviewStatus

5/5

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RNA polymerase III transcribes microbial dsDNA to dsRNA

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RNA polymerase III (POL III) was reported to sense and transcribe cytosolic AT-rich dsDNA into 5'-triphosphate poly(A-U) RNA in human and mouse cells. This dsRNA ligand in turn activated retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) leading to production of type I interferon and activation of the transcription factor NF-kappaB (Chiu YH et al. 2009, Ablasser A et al. 2009). Knockdown of POL III expression by siRNA or inhibition of its enzymatic activity by specific chemical inhibitor ML-60218 prevented IFN beta induction in HEK293 cells stimulated with DNA viruses or poly(dA-dT) (Chiu YH et al. 2009, Ablasser A et al. 2009). Moreover, Pol-III inhibition blocked interferon induction by intracellular Legionella pneumophila bacteria [Chiu YH et al 2009].

This project represents cytosolic RNA polymerase III as a complex comprising 17 subunits, although the precise biochemical composition of the cytosolic holoenzyme complex which specifically recognizes AT-rich DNA is not yet known.

Literature References

PubMed ID	Title	Journal	Year
19631370	RNA polymerase III detects cytosolic DNA and induces type I interferons through the RIG-I pathway Chiu, YH, Chen, ZJ, Macmillan, JB	Cell	2009
19609254	RIG-I-dependent sensing of poly(dA:dT) through the induction of an RNA polymerase III-transcribed RNA intermediate Fitzgerald, KA, Ablasser, A, Bauernfeind, FG, Hornung, V, Latz, E, Hartmann, G	Nat Immunol	2009