Secreted angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) cleaves 2 amino acid residues from the C-terminus of angiotensin-(1-10) (angiotensin I) to yield angiotensin-(1-8) (angiotensin II) (Wei et al. 1991). This reaction is inhibited by drugs used to treat hypertension (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, ACEI) including captopril (Gronhagen-Riska and Fyhrquist 1980, Stewart et al. 1981, Ehlers et al. 1986, Hayakari et al. 1989, Wei et al. 1991, Baudin and Beneteau-Burnat 1999), enalaprilat (metablized from the prodrug enalapril, Wei et al. 1991, Baudin and Beneteau-Burnat 1999), lisinopril ( Ehlers et al. 1991, Natesh et al. 2003), and ramiprilat (metabolized from the prodrug ramipril, Baudin and Beneteau-Burnat 1999). ACE is secreted ("shed") from membranes of endothelial cells by cleavage in the C-terminal region that removes the membrane anchor.
Wei, L, Clauser, E, Corvol, P, Soubrier, F, Michaud, A, Alhenc-Gelas, F
Amano, K, Hayakari, M, Murakami, S, Izumi, H
Weare, JA, Erdös, EG, Stewart, TA
Fyhrquist, F, Grönhagen-Riska, C
Acharya, KR, Sturrock, ED, Schwager, SL, Natesh, R
Wei, L, Clauser, E, Corvol, P, Alhenc-Gelas, F
Bénéteau-Burnat, B, Baudin, B
Kirsch, RE, Maeder, DL, Ehlers, MR
metallodipeptidase activity of ACE(30-1232) [extracellular region]
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