G alpha (12/13) auto-inactivates by hydrolysing GTP to GDP

Stable Identifier
R-HSA-418574
Type
Reaction [transition]
Species
Homo sapiens
Compartment
ReviewStatus
5/5
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When a ligand activates a G protein-coupled receptor, it induces a conformational change in the receptor (a change in shape) that allows the receptor to function as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), stimulating the exchange of GDP for GTP on the G alpha subunit. In the traditional view of heterotrimeric protein activation, this exchange triggers the dissociation of the now active G alpha subunit from the beta:gamma dimer, initiating downstream signalling events. The G alpha subunit has intrinsic GTPase activity and will eventually hydrolyze the attached GTP to GDP, allowing reassociation with G beta:gamma. Additional GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) stimulate the GTPase activity of G alpha, leading to more rapid termination of the transduced signal. In some cases the downstream effector may have GAP activity, helping to deactivate the pathway. This is the case for phospholipase C beta, which possesses GAP activity within its C-terminal region (Kleuss et al. 1994).
Literature References
PubMed ID Title Journal Year
7937899 Mechanism of GTP hydrolysis by G-protein alpha subunits

Kleuss, C, Gilman, AG, Sprang, SR, Raw, AS, Lee, E

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1994
Participants
Participates
Catalyst Activity

GTPase activity of G-protein alpha (12/13):GTP [plasma membrane]

Orthologous Events
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