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Axon guidance
Stable Identifier
R-HSA-422475
DOI
10.3180/REACT_18266.1
Type
Pathway
Species
Homo sapiens
ReviewStatus
5/5
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Developmental Biology (Homo sapiens)
Nervous system development (Homo sapiens)
Axon guidance (Homo sapiens)
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Axon guidance / axon pathfinding is the process by which neurons send out axons to reach the correct targets. Growing axons have a highly motile structure at the growing tip called the growth cone, which senses the guidance cues in the environment through guidance cue receptors and responds by undergoing cytoskeletal changes that determine the direction of axon growth.
Guidance cues present in the surrounding environment provide the necessary directional information for the trip. These extrinsic cues have been divided into attractive or repulsive signals that tell the growth cone where and where not to grow.
Genetic and biochemical studies have led to the identification of highly conserved families of guidance molecules and their receptors that guide axons. These include netrins, Slits, semaphorins, and ephrins, and their cognate receptors, DCC and or uncoordinated-5 (UNC5), roundabouts (Robo), neuropilin and Eph. In addition, many other classes of adhesion molecules are also used by growth cones to navigate properly which include NCAM and L1CAM.
For review of axon guidance, please refer to Russel and Bashaw 2018, Chedotal 2019, Suter and Jaworski 2019).
Axon guidance cues and their receptors are implicated in cancer progression (Biankin et al. 2012), where they likely contribute to cell migration and angiogenesis (reviewed by Mehlen et al. 2011).
Literature References
PubMed ID
Title
Journal
Year
31000796
Roles of axon guidance molecules in neuronal wiring in the developing spinal cord
Chédotal, A
Nat. Rev. Neurosci.
2019
31467195
Cell migration and axon guidance at the border between central and peripheral nervous system
Jaworski, A
,
Suter, TACS
Science
2019
29226467
Axon guidance pathways and the control of gene expression
Russell, SA
,
Bashaw, GJ
Dev. Dyn.
2018
Participants
Events
Semaphorin interactions
(Homo sapiens)
NCAM signaling for neurite out-growth
(Homo sapiens)
Netrin-1 signaling
(Homo sapiens)
Signaling by ROBO receptors
(Homo sapiens)
L1CAM interactions
(Homo sapiens)
EPH-Ephrin signaling
(Homo sapiens)
RET signaling
(Homo sapiens)
Reelin signalling pathway
(Homo sapiens)
Participates
as an event of
Nervous system development (Homo sapiens)
Event Information
Go Biological Process
axon guidance (0007411)
Orthologous Events
Axon guidance (Bos taurus)
Axon guidance (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Axon guidance (Canis familiaris)
Axon guidance (Danio rerio)
Axon guidance (Dictyostelium discoideum)
Axon guidance (Drosophila melanogaster)
Axon guidance (Gallus gallus)
Axon guidance (Mus musculus)
Axon guidance (Rattus norvegicus)
Axon guidance (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
Axon guidance (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
Axon guidance (Sus scrofa)
Axon guidance (Xenopus tropicalis)
Authored
Garapati, P V (2009-05-28)
Reviewed
Walmod, PS (2009-05-26)
Maness, PF (2009-05-26)
Created
Garapati, P V (2009-05-31)
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