SLC17A6,7,8 exchange cytosolic L-Glu for synaptic vesicle H+

Stable Identifier
R-HSA-428052
Type
Reaction [transition]
Species
Homo sapiens
Compartment
Synonyms
Vesicular glutamate transport
ReviewStatus
5/5
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There are two classes of glutamate transporters; the excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs) which depend on an electrochemical gradient of Na+ ions and vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs) which don't. Together, these transporters uptake and release glutamate to mediate this neurotransmitter's excitatory signal and are part of the glutamate-gluatamine cycle.

Three members of the SLC17A gene family (7, 6 and 8) encode VGLUTs 1-3 respectively (Ni et al. 1996, Takamori et al. 2001, Takamori et al. 2002 respectively). VGLUT1 (brain-specific Na+-dependent phopshate transporter, BNPI) and VGLUT2 (differentiation-associated Na+-dependent phosphate transporter, DNPI) were identified first and originally characterized as phosphate transporters. However, they are localized to synaptic vesicles, not the plasma membrane (like EAATs) and transport the organic anion glutamate into synaptic vesicles. This uptake is thought to be coupled to the proton electrochemical gradient generated by a vacuolar type H+-ATPase. They are all expressed in the CNS in neuron-rich areas but VGLUT3 is also expressed on astrocytes and in liver and kidney.
Literature References
PubMed ID Title Journal Year
11698620 Identification of differentiation-associated brain-specific phosphate transporter as a second vesicular glutamate transporter (VGLUT2)

Jahn, R, Rosenmund, C, Takamori, S, Rhee, JS

J Neurosci 2001
12151341 Molecular cloning and functional characterization of human vesicular glutamate transporter 3

Jahn, R, Broger, C, Malherbe, P, Takamori, S

EMBO Rep 2002
8632143 Molecular cloning, expression, and chromosomal localization of a human brain-specific Na(+)-dependent inorganic phosphate cotransporter

Rosteck PR, Jr, DeHoff, BS, Du, Y, Ni, B, Wu, X, Paul, SM

J Neurochem 1996
Participants
Participates
Catalyst Activity

L-glutamate transmembrane transporter activity of SLC17A6,7,8 [synaptic vesicle membrane]

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