Reactome | SLC31A1 transports Cu2+ from extracellular region to cytosol

SLC31A1 transports Cu2+ from extracellular region to cytosol

Stable Identifier

R-HSA-437300

Type

Reaction [transition]

Species

Homo sapiens

Compartment

plasma membrane

Synonyms

Cellular copper transport is mediated by human copper transporter 1 hCTR1

ReviewStatus

5/5

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SLC31A1 transports Cu2+ from extracellular region to cytosol

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Copper (Cu2+) is essential for many important biological processes such as mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, detoxification of free radicals, iron metabolism and neurotransmiter synthesis. Too much influx results in cell poisoning. In humans, there are two member of the SLC31 gene family that are implicated in copper transport. The human gene SLC31A1 encodes human copper transporter 1, hCTR1 and is ubiquitiously expressed, with highest levels seen in the liver.. It was first identified by functional complementation in ctr1-deficient yeast (Zhou B and Gitschier J, 1997). hCTR1 exists as a homotrimer at the plasma membrane of cells (De Feo CJ et al, 2007) and is responsible for high-affinity copper uptake (Lee J et al, 2002). The second gene product, hCTR2, has not be characterized yet.

Literature References

PubMed ID	Title	Journal	Year
17211682	A structural perspective on copper uptake in eukaryotes Unger, VM, De Feo, CJ, Aller, SG	Biometals	2007
11734551	Biochemical characterization of the human copper transporter Ctr1 Nose, Y, Peña, MM, Thiele, DJ, Lee, J	J Biol Chem	2002
9207117	hCTR1: a human gene for copper uptake identified by complementation in yeast Zhou, B, Gitschier, J	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A	1997