ESR1-mediated signaling can be initiated in an estrogen-independent manner downstream of stimuli such as EGF, NRG1, IGF, insulin, dopamine and cAMP (Ignar-Trowbridge et al, 1993, Pietras et al, 1995; Ma et al, 1994; Newton et al, 1994; Smith et al, 1993; Aronica and Katzenellenbogen, 1993). Stimulation with EGF or IFGF-1 promotes the MAPK-dependent phosphorylation of ESR1 at serine 118, which contributes to interaction with CBP/p300 and the p160 family of coactivators (Bunone et al, 1996; Chen et al, 2002; Cheng et al, 2007; reviewed in Anbalagan and Rowan, 2105). Serine 118 is also phosphorylated in response to estrogen stimulation (Chen et al, 2002; reviewed in Anbalagan and Rowan, 2015).The relationship between MAPK-dependent S118 phosphorylation of ESR1 and the release from the cochaperone complex and ESR1 dimerization is not clear. In this reaction, all these events are shown happening simultaneously.
Miksicek, RJ, Bunone, G, Briand, PA, Picard, D
Coombes, RC, Bates, GJ, Chen, D, Epstein, RJ, Egly, JM, Taylor, J, Pace, PE, Sarwar, N, Ali, S, Fuller-Pace, FV, Thirunuvakkarasu, V, Washbrook, E
Vegeto, E, Santagati, S, Pollio, G, Maggi, A, Ma, ZQ, Patrone, C
Parker, MG, Teng, CT, Ross, KA, Ignar-Trowbridge, DM, McLachlan, JA, Korach, KS
Rowan, BG, Anbalagan, M
Zhang, C, Cheng, J, Shapiro, DJ
Aronica, SM, Katzenellenbogen, BS
Pegram, MD, Parker, MG, Arboleda, J, Reese, DM, Ramos, L, Slamon, DJ, Pietras, RJ, Sliwkowski, MX, Wongvipat, N, Gorman, CM
Brockmeier, S, Stalla, GK, Newton, CJ, Trapp, T, Buric, R, Pagotto, U
O'Malley, BW, Smith, CL, Conneely, OM
protein serine/threonine kinase activity of p-T,Y MAPK dimers [nucleoplasm]
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