Search results for NFS1

Showing 11 results out of 11

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Protein (2 results from a total of 2)

Identifier: R-HSA-1362396
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: mitochondrial matrix
Primary external reference: UniProt: NFS1: Q9Y697
By analogy with yeast Hfs1, human NFS1 probably has an N-terminal transit peptide that is removed by mitochondrial processing peptidase. The cleavage site is unknown.
Identifier: R-HSA-947562
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: cytosol
Primary external reference: UniProt: NFS1: Q9Y697

Complex (4 results from a total of 4)

Identifier: R-HSA-1362404
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: mitochondrial matrix
Identifier: R-HSA-947509
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: cytosol
Identifier: R-HSA-1362398
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: mitochondrial matrix
Identifier: R-HSA-1362401
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: mitochondrial matrix

Reaction (4 results from a total of 4)

Identifier: R-HSA-947514
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: cytosol
In order to get a sulfur atom for subsequent sulfuration reactions, cysteine is first desulfurated by NFS1 which transfers it onto a cysteine of MOCS3, yielding a protein persulfide (Marelja et al, 2008).
Identifier: R-HSA-947538
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: cytosol
Sulfur transfer onto MOCS2A is closely preceded by its adenylylation and deadenylylation. After release of MOCS2A-CO-S(1-), two cysteines on MOCS3 form a disulfide bridge. This means that MOCS3 has to be reduced to be able to participate in the next round. The reducing agent is not known (Marelja et al, 2008).
Identifier: R-HSA-1362408
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: mitochondrial matrix
Iron-sulfur clusters are assembled on the scaffold, ISCU. Based on homology with bacterial IscU:IscS complexes (reviewed in Johnson et al. 2005), one molecule of ISCU is bound to each subunit of a NFS1 dimer (Marinoni et al. 2012). A single complex may thus be capable of assembling two 2Fe-2S clusters. Sulfide is provided by desulfuration of cysteine by NFS1:ISD11 (Biederbick et al. 2006, Shi et al. 2009, Tsai and Barondeau 2010). It has been proposed that ferrous iron is delivered by FXN (Gerber et al. 2003, Yoon and Cowan 2003, Schmucker et al. 2011) bound to ISCU (inferred from yeast, Wang and Craig 2008), although more recent studies suggested that FXN functions as an allosteric effector to stimulate sulfide transfer (Tsai et al. 2010). Holo-ISCU (ISCU bound to a newly synthesized 2Fe-2S cluster) transiently interacts with a dedicated HSP70 chaperone system including Mortalin (GRP75) and HSP20 and GLRX5 (GRX5). Electrons supplied by FDX2 (FDX1L) are required (Tong et al. 2003, Cai et al. 2017) and may reduce the sulfur from S0 to S2- (sulfide). NFU1 binds an Fe-S cluster (Tong et al. 2003, inferred from bacteria Yuvaniyama et al. 2000) and, from biochemical studies of bacterial NFU1 homologues, is proposed to be an intermediate Fe-S cluster carrier (Bandyopadhy et al. 2008). Mutations in human NFU1 affect only a subset of Fe-S proteins (Navarro-Sastre et al. 2011).
Identifier: R-HSA-1362416
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: mitochondrial matrix
Frataxin (FXN) specifically binds 2 atoms of ferrous iron per monomer (reviewed in Stemmler et al. 2010). Iron bound to Frataxin may (Yoon and Cowan 2003, Gerber et al. 2003) or may not (Schmucker et al. 2011) enhance the interaction of Frataxin with NFS1, ICSU, and ISD11. Frataxin was shown to stimulate the cysteine desulfurase activity of NFS1 and was proposed to be a regulator of sulfur production (Tsai et al. 2010). The formation of sulfide by NFS1 is most efficiently observed when NFS1 is in complex with ISD11, ISCU, and FXN in the presence of cysteine and iron. This means that only the complete system of NFS1, ISD11, ISCU, FXN, cysteine, and iron is fully active as a desulfurase. FXN therefore seems to be a regulator of the cysteine desulfurase permitting sulfide production only when all components needed for Fe-S cluster synthesis are present and the ISCU-bound Fe-S cluster can be formed.

Pathway (1 results from a total of 1)

Identifier: R-HSA-1362409
Species: Homo sapiens
Compartment: mitochondrial inner membrane, mitochondrial matrix, mitochondrial intermembrane space
Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) proteins are localized in the cytosol, nucleus, and mitochondria of mammalian cells (reviewed in Stemmler et al. 2010, Rouault 2012, Bandyopadhyay et al. 2008, Lill 2009, Lill et al. 2012). Fe-S protein biogenesis in the mitochondrial matrix involves the iron-sulfur cluster (ISC) assembly machinery. Ferrous iron is transported across the inner mitochondrial membrane into the mitochondrial matrix by Mitoferrin-1 (SLC25A37) and Mitoferrin-2 (SLC25A28). (Mitoferrin-1 is enriched in erythroid cells while Mitoferrin-2 is ubiquitous.) Frataxin binds ferrous iron in the mitochondrial matrix. The cysteine desulfurase NFS1 in a subcomplex with ISD11 provides the sulfur by converting cyteine into alanine and forming a persulfide which is used for cluster formation on ISCU, the scaffold protein. Interaction between NFS1 and ISD11 is necessary for desulfurase activity. Frataxin binds to a complex containing NFS1, ISD11, and ISCU and is proposed to function as an iron donor to ISCU or as an allosteric switch that activates sulfur transfer and Fe-S cluster assembly (Tsai and Barondeau 2010). Cluster formation also involves the electron transfer chain ferredoxin reductase and ferredoxin. ISCU initially forms clusters containing 2 iron atoms and 2 sulfur atoms ([2Fe-2S] clusters). They are released by the function of HSP70-HSC20 chaperones and the monothiol glutaredoxin GLRX5 and used for assembly of [2Fe-2S] proteins. Assembly of larger clusters such as [4Fe-4S] clusters may involve the function of ISCA1, ISCA2, and IBA57. The clusters are transferred to apo-enzymes such as the respiratory complexes, aconitase, and lipoate synthase through dedicated targeting factors such as IND1, NFU1, and BOLA3.
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